貧苦

See also: 贫苦

Chinese

		poor	bitter; intensely; miserable bitter; intensely; miserable; painful
trad. (貧苦)		貧	苦
simp. (贫苦)		贫	苦

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): pínkǔ

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄣˊ ㄎㄨˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): pan⁴ fu²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phìn-khú
Min Nan (POJ): pîn-khó͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: pínkǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄣˊ ㄎㄨˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pynkuu
  - IPA ^(key): /pʰin³⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: pan⁴ fu²
  - Yale: pàhn fú
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pan⁴ fu²
  - Guangdong Romanization: pen⁴ fu²
  - IPA ^(key): /pʰɐn²¹ fuː³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phìn-khú
  - Hakka Romanization System: pinˇ ku`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pin² ku³
  - IPA: /pʰin¹¹ kʰu³¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pîn-khó͘
  - Tâi-lô: pîn-khóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pinqor
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pin²⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pin²⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pin¹³⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pin²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pin²³⁻³³ kʰɔ⁴¹/

Adjective

貧苦

impoverished; poverty-stricken

Synonyms

Synonyms of 貧苦

䆀康 (Min Nan)
困乏 (kùnfá) (formal)
困窘 (kùnjiǒng)
困窮／困穷 (kùnqióng)
困頓／困顿 (kùndùn)
清苦 (qīngkǔ) (especially of scholars and intellectuals)
清貧／清贫 (qīngpín) (especially of scholars and intellectuals)
穷乏 (literary)
窘促 (jiǒngcù) (literary)
窘困 (jiǒngkùn)

窘迫 (jiǒngpò)
窮／穷 (qióng)
窮㾪／穷㾪 (Min Nan)
窮困／穷困 (qióngkùn)
窮苦／穷苦 (qióngkǔ)
窮赤／穷赤 (Min Nan)
貧困／贫困 (pínkùn)
貧瘠／贫瘠 (pínjí) (literary)
貧窮／贫穷 (pínqióng)

Antonyms

富裕 (fùyù)

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