U+9958, 饘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9958

[U+9957]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9959]

Translingual

Han character

(radical 184, +13, 22 strokes, cangjie input 人戈卜田一 (OIYWM), four-corner 80717, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 1426, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44433
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1952, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4476, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+9958

Chinese

trad.
simp. 𫗴
variant forms

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*tjaʀ, *tanʔ, *tjanʔ
*taːnʔ
*daːn, *daːn
*taːnʔ, *taːns
*taːnʔ, *taːns, *daːnʔ
*taːnʔ
*taːnʔ, *tʰaːn, *djans
*taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd
*taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd
*taːns
*taːns
*tʰaːn, *rteːn
*tʰaːnʔ
*daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns
*daːn
*daːn
*daːn, *djan
*daːn, *tan
*daːnʔ, *rdeːns
*daːnʔ, *tanʔ, *tans
*daːnʔ
*daːnʔ
*daːns, *djan
*tan, *danʔ, *dans
*tan
*tjan, *tjanʔ
*tjan
*tjan
*tjan
*tjans
*djanʔ
*djans
*hljan
*taːd, *ʔraːd
*taːd
*taːd
*taːd, *tjad
*taːd

Etymology

Probably analyzable as *ka-n (with nominalizing suffix -n), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ka-j/w/m (to eat) (Sagart, 2003). Compare Tamangic words for “food; cooked rice”: Eastern Tamang [script needed] (¹kan), Western Tamang [script needed] (¹ken), Western Gurung [script needed] (¹kaẽ), Manangba [script needed] (¹kjɛ̃), Thakali [script needed] (ᴴkʌn) (STEDT).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (23) (23)
Final () (77) (77)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕiᴇn/ /t͡ɕiᴇnX/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕiɛn/ /t͡ɕiɛnX/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕjæn/ /t͡ɕjænX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cian/ /cianX/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕiɛn/ /t͡ɕiɛnX/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕĭɛn/ /t͡ɕĭɛnX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕi̯ɛn/ /t͡ɕi̯ɛnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhān zhǎn
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhān zhān
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyen › ‹ tsyenX ›
Old
Chinese
/*t-qa[n]/ /*t-qa[n]ʔ/
English gruel (thick) thick gruel

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 2084 2088
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
𩜾 𦗢
Old
Chinese
/*tjan/ /*tjanʔ/

Definitions

  1. thick congee
  2. to eat; to have a meal

Compounds

  • 囊饘囊𫗴
  • 梁饘梁𫗴
  • 橐饘橐𫗴
  • 粥饘粥𫗴
  • 羹饘羹𫗴
  • 饘粑𫗴粑
  • 饘粥𫗴粥 (zhānzhōu)
  • 饘臛𫗴臛
  • 饘蔬𫗴蔬
  • 饘酎𫗴酎
  • 饘酏𫗴酏
  • 饘食𫗴食
  • 饘飲𫗴饮
  • 饘餼𫗴饩
  • 饘鬻𫗴鬻
  • 饘麋𫗴麋
  • 麤饘麤𫗴
  • 麥饘麦𫗴

Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. Alternative spelling of 堅粥 (katakayu): gruel

Readings

  • Go-on: せん (sen)
  • Kan-on: せん (sen)
  • Kun: かゆ (kayu, )
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