-ыня

Russian

Alternative forms

  • -иня (-inja) (after the velar consonants г к х)

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *-yni.

Pronunciation

  • -ыня: IPA(key): [ɨnʲə]
  • -ы́ня: IPA(key): [ˈɨnʲə]
  • -ыня́: IPA(key): [ɨˈnʲa]

Suffix

-ыня or -ы́ня or -ыня́ (-ynja or -ýnja or -ynjá)

  1. forms feminine equivalents of masculine animate nouns
    госуда́рь (gosudárʹ, sovereign) + -ыня (-ynja)госуда́рыня (gosudárynja, empress, sovereigness)
    гусь (gusʹ, goose) + -ы́ня (-ýnja)гусы́ня (gusýnja, female goose)
    ба́р(ин) (bár(in), boyar) + -ыня (-ynja)ба́рыня (bárynja, boyar's wife)
    княг- (knjag-, prince) + -и́ня (-ínja)княги́ня (knjagínja, princess)
    мона́х (monáx, monk) + -иня (-inja)мона́хиня (monáxinja, nun)
  2. forms abstract nouns from adjectives
    го́рдый (górdyj, proud) + -ы́ня (-ýnja)горды́ня (gordýnja, pride, arrogance)
  3. forms place nouns from nouns and adjectives
    твёрдый (tvjórdyj, hard, firm) + -ы́ня (-ýnja)тверды́ня (tverdýnja, stronghold)
    свято́й (svjatój, sacred) + -ы́ня (-ýnja)святы́ня (svjatýnja, shrine)
    пусто́й (pustój, empty) + -ы́ня (-ýnja)пусты́ня (pustýnja, desert, wilderness)
  4. forms nouns of various senses; see -ня (-nja) for specifics
    просто́й (prostój, simple, ordinary) + -ыня́ (-ynjá)простыня́ (prostynjá, sheet, bedsheet)
    ми́лость (mílostʹ, mercy, charity) + -ыня (-ynja)ми́лостыня (mílostynja, alms)

Declension

Derived terms

<a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Russian_words_suffixed_with_-%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8F' title='Category:Russian words suffixed with -ыня'>Russian words suffixed with -ыня</a>
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