-이라우

Korean

Etymology

Shortened from 이라(고) 하오 (-i-ra(-go) ha-o, “[one] says that it is...”, in the semi-formal style).[1]

Pronunciation

Particle

이라우 • (-irau)

  1. (Jeolla dialect) Attached to nouns, or to the verb-final suffixes of the intimate style, to form the polite style (i.e. adding politeness).
    Synonyms: (Standard Korean, for verbs) 요 (-yo), (Standard Korean, for nouns) 이에요 (-i-eyo)
    • 1998, 이기갑, “전남 방언의 상대높임법 [The addressee honorifics of the southern Jeolla dialect]”, in Hangul, volume 240, pages 355—396:
      차말로 좋아라우 […] 멋이라우? […] 차말로 좋게 해 놨등구만이라우. […] 여그서 멋 하신게라우?
      Chamal-lo joa-rau […] meos-irau? […] chamal-lo joke hae nwatdeungguman-irau. […] yeogeu-seo meot hasinge-rau?
      I'm really pleased. […] What is this? […] They've done it really well. […] What are you doing here?

Usage notes
  • It cannot be used after 어 (-eo, infinitive suffix) when said suffix is used to convey new questions or orders. When it is used after 어 (-eo) in such moods, it is always when repeating a previously stated question or order, in an echo question repeating back a question one has been asked, or in a rhetorical question.[1]

Alternative forms
  • 라우 (-rau) – after vowels
  • 라오 (rao), 이라오 (-irao) – dated or archaic (primary form in 1930s)[1]
  • 라 (-ra), 이라 (-ira) – more common in eastern Jeolla[1]

References
  1. 고광모 (Ko Kwang-mo) (2004) , “전남 방언의 상대높임법 조사 '(이)라우, (이)람니짜, (이)람니야, (이)랑가'와 '이다'의 기원과 형성 과정 [The development of the politeness markers -(i)lawu, -(i)lamnicca, -(i)lamniya, -(i)langka, and -ita in the southern Jeolla dialect of Korean]”, in Eoneohak, volume 38, pages 3—42
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