Punjab

English
Punjab is named after five tributaries of the Indus River
Map of the state of Punjab in India
Map of the province of Punjab in Pakistan
Provincial flag of Punjab, Pakistan

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Urdu پنجاب‎ (Panjāb), from Persian پنجاب‎ (panj-âb, “[Land of] the Five Rivers”), from پنج‎ (panj, “five”) and آب‎ (âb, “water”), referring to five rivers of the Punjab region:[1] the Jhelum, the Chenab, the Ravi, the Sutlej and the Beas. The Persian term is based on Sanskrit पञ्चनद (pañcanada, “[Land of] the Five Rivers”), from पञ्च (pañca, “five”) and नद (nada, “river”).[2][3]

Pronunciation

Proper noun

Punjab

  1. A geographical region in South Asia, divided (by the Radcliffe Line) between India and Pakistan. Pakistani Punjab includes the (West) Punjab Province and parts of the Islamabad Capital Territory; Indian Punjab includes (East) Punjab State and some other territories.
  2. State in northern India which has union territory Chandigarh as its capital; its biggest city is Ludhiana.
  3. Province in Pakistan which has Lahore as its capital.

Derived terms

Translations

See also

References
  1. “Punjab”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
  2. Yule, Henry, Sir. Hobson-Jobson: A glossary of colloquial Anglo-Indian words and phrases, and of kindred terms, etymological, historical, geographical and discursive. New ed. edited by William Crooke, B.A. London: J. Murray, 1903.
  3. Macdonell, Arthur Anthony. A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout. London: Oxford University Press, 1929.
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