Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ūraz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ūsr- (“aurochs”). Cognate with Sanskrit उष्ट्र (úṣṭra, “buffalo”), Persian ‎ (uštur).

An alternate etymology derives from Proto-Indo-European *awǝ-, *ewǝ- (“flowing water”), analogous to the derivation of *uhsô. If so, then related to Old Norse úr (“dampness, fine rain, drizzle”), Old English ēar (“sea, ocean”). See *ūrą.

Noun

*ūraz m

aurochs

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *ūraz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*ūraz	ūrōz, ūrōs
vocative	*ūr	ūrōz, ūrōs
accusative	*ūrą	*ūranz
genitive	ūras, ūris	*ūrǫ̂
dative	*ūrai	*ūramaz
instrumental	*ūrō	*ūramiz

Descendants

Many descendants are compounded with *uhsô (“ox”).

Old English: ūr
- Middle English: oure
  - English: owre (obsolete)
Old Saxon: *ūr
- German Low German: Ur
- Middle Low German: ūrosse
  - Swedish: uroxe
Old Dutch: *ūr
- Middle Dutch: *uur
  - Dutch: uuros (the historical form, attested once)
Old High German: ūrohso, ūro
- Middle High German: ūrochse
  - German: Auerochse, Ur
    - English: aurochs
  - Dutch: oeros
Old Norse: úrr
Gothic: 𐌿𐍂𐍃 (urs)
→ Latin: urus (possibly)
- Italian: uro
- Spanish: uro
- → English: urus

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