< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fukkōną
 |
This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɸuk.kɔː.nɑ̃/
Inflection
The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, singular *fukk- against non-singular *fuk-.
Conjugation of *fukkōną (weak class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *fukkō | *fukkǭ | — | *fukkōi | *? |
| 2nd singular | *fukkōsi | *fukkōs | *fukkō | *fukkōsai | *fukkōsau |
| 3rd singular | *fukkōþi | *fukkō | *fukkōþau | *fukkōþai | *fukkōþau |
| 1st dual | *fukkōs | *fukkōw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *fukkōþiz | *fukkōþiz | *fukkōþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *fukkōmaz | *fukkōm | — | *fukkōnþai | *fukkōnþau |
| 2nd plural | *fukkōþ | *fukkōþ | *fukkōþ | *fukkōnþai | *fukkōnþau |
| 3rd plural | *fukkōnþi | *fukkōn | *fukkōnþau | *fukkōnþai | *fukkōnþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *fukkōdǭ | *fukkōdēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *fukkōdēz | *fukkōdēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *fukkōdē | *fukkōdēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *fukkōdēdū | *fukkōdēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *fukkōdēdudiz | *fukkōdēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *fukkōdēdum | *fukkōdēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *fukkōdēdud | *fukkōdēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *fukkōdēdun | *fukkōdēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *fukkōndz | *fukkōdaz | |||
Related terms
- *faukijaną
- *feukaną/*fūkaną
Descendants
- Middle Low German: vucken
- Middle Dutch: vocken
- Middle High German: fochen
- Old Norse: *fokka
- Icelandic: fokka
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill
Etymology 2
From Pre-Germanic *pugnéh₂-, likely a zero-grade iterative from Proto-Indo-European *pug-, *pewǵ- (“to strike, assail”). Related to Latin pugnus (“fist”), Ancient Greek πυγμή (pugmḗ, “fist”), possibly also Russian пугать (pugatʹ, “to frighten, scare”).
Inflection
The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, singular *fukk- against non-singular *fuk-.
Conjugation of *fukkōną (weak class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *fukkō | *fukkǭ | — | *fukkōi | *? |
| 2nd singular | *fukkōsi | *fukkōs | *fukkō | *fukkōsai | *fukkōsau |
| 3rd singular | *fukkōþi | *fukkō | *fukkōþau | *fukkōþai | *fukkōþau |
| 1st dual | *fukkōs | *fukkōw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *fukkōþiz | *fukkōþiz | *fukkōþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *fukkōmaz | *fukkōm | — | *fukkōnþai | *fukkōnþau |
| 2nd plural | *fukkōþ | *fukkōþ | *fukkōþ | *fukkōnþai | *fukkōnþau |
| 3rd plural | *fukkōnþi | *fukkōn | *fukkōnþau | *fukkōnþai | *fukkōnþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *fukkōdǭ | *fukkōdēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *fukkōdēz | *fukkōdēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *fukkōdē | *fukkōdēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *fukkōdēdū | *fukkōdēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *fukkōdēdudiz | *fukkōdēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *fukkōdēdum | *fukkōdēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *fukkōdēdud | *fukkōdēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *fukkōdēdun | *fukkōdēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *fukkōndz | *fukkōdaz | |||
Related terms
Descendants
- Old Frisian: *fokkia
- West Frisian: fokje
- Old Dutch: *fokken, *fukken
- (possibly) Old High German: fitafuhhōn (with uncertain initial component)
- Old Norse: *fukka
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.