Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/speru

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *sperHu-, from Proto-Indo-European *sperH-. Cognate with Latin sparus (“hunting spear”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈspe.ru/

Noun

*speru n

spear

Inflection

neuter u-stemDeclension of *speru (neuter u-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*speru	*sperū
vocative	*speru	*sperū
accusative	*speru	*sperū
genitive	*sperauz	*spiriwǫ̂
dative	*spiriwi	*sperumaz
instrumental	*sperū	*sperumiz

Descendants

Old English: spere
- Middle English: spere
  - Scots: spere, speir
  - English: spear
Old Frisian: spere, spiri
- Saterland Frisian: Speer
- West Frisian: spear
Old Saxon: sper
- Middle Low German: sper
  - Low German: Speer
Old Dutch: *speru, *sper
- Middle Dutch: spēre, sper
  - Dutch: speer
Old High German: sper
- Middle High German: sper
  - German: Speer
  - Luxembourgish: Speer
Old Norse: spjǫr

References

Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill

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