< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gleh₁y-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

Etymology

Possibly from extended form of *gleh₁- (“ball, lump (of earth)”), from *gew-l- (“ball, bowl, vessel”) +‎ *-éh₁-, extended form of *gew- (“to curve, bend, twist”).

Root

*gleh₁y- [1][3][2]

  1. to smear, putty
  2. to stick, glue

Extensions

Derived terms
► <a href='/wiki/Category:Terms_derived_from_the_PIE_root_*gleh%E2%82%81y-' title='Category:Terms derived from the PIE root *gleh₁y-'>Terms derived from the PIE root *gleh₁y-</a>
  • *gléh₁i-ti (athematic root present)[4]
    • Albanian: *en-gleitja[5]
      • Albanian: ngjis (“to stick to, glue”)
    • Balto-Slavic: *gléiˀtei
      • Lithuanian: gliejù, gliēti (“to smear, putty”)
    • Indo-Iranian: *gráHiti
      • Iranian: *gráHitī
        • Chorasmian: [script needed] (γrcy-, “to roll; to smear with clay”)
  • *gl̥h₁i-néh₂-ti ~ *gl̥h₁i-nh₂-énti (*néh₂-present)[1][3][6]
    • Celtic: *glināti (“to glue”)[1][7]
      • Brythonic: [Term?]
        • Middle Breton: englenaff
        • Middle Welsh: glynu
        • Cornish: glena
      • Old Irish: glenoid
    • Germanic: *klinaną (“to smear, stick”)[8]
      • Old High German: klenan
        • Middle High German: klenen
  • *gléh₁i-neh₂[6][9]
    • Balto-Slavic: *gléiˀnāˀ (“clay”)[10]
      • Lithuanian: gléinė
      • Slavic: *glìna (“clay”)[9] (see there for further descendants)
  • *gléh₁y-n̥ ~ *gl̥h₁y-én-s[6]
    • Hellenic: [Term?]
  • *gleh₁i-wéh₂[8][11]
    • Balto-Slavic: *gléiˀwāˀ (“slime, fungus”)[12]
      • Latvian: glīve
      • Lithuanian: gleīvės
      • Slavic: *glìva (“fungus”)[11] (see there for further descendants)
      • → Finnic: *liiva (“slime”)
    • Germanic: *klīwō[8]
      • Old High German: klīwa, klīa, klīga
        • Middle High German: klīwe, klīe
          • German: Kleie (“bran”)
  • *gléh₁y-o-s
    • Indo-Iranian: *gráHyas
      • Iranian: *gráHyah[13]
        • Shughni: [script needed] (jiray, “pottery clay”)
        • Yidgha: [script needed] (yuroi, “clay, earth, mud”)
  • *gl̥h₁í-h₂
    • Hellenic: [Term?]
      • Ancient Greek: γλία (glía, “glue”)
  • *gl̥h₁y-ó-s[14]
    • Balto-Slavic: [Term?]
      • Slavic: *glьjь (“clay, loam”)[1][14] (see there for further descendants)
  • *gl̥h₁i-t-tó-s[15]
    • Italic: *glittos
      • Latin: glittus (“sticky, cohesive”)
  • *gl̥h₁i-t-us
    • Balto-Slavic: *glitus
      • Latvian: glits, glîts (“slippery”)
      • Lithuanian: glitùs (“sticky”), (dialectal) glytùs
  • *gl̥h₁i-yó-s
    • Indo-Iranian: *grHiyás
      • Iranian: *grHiyáh[16][13]
        • Chorasmian: [script needed] (γг’h, “clay, dirt”)
        • Khotanese: [script needed] (grīha-)
        • Sogdian: [script needed] (γг’у, “mud, clay, pottery”)
  • *glóh₁i-mo-s[15]
    • Germanic: *klaimaz (“clay, mortar”)[8] (see there for further descendants)
      • ⇒ Germanic: *klaimijaną (“to smear with clay, mortar”)[8]
        • Old English: clǣman
        • Old Dutch: *klēmen
        • Old High German: kleimen
        • Old Norse: [Term?]
          • Faroese: kleima
          • Elfdalian: kliema
  • *gloh₁i-ni-s[17]
    • Balto-Slavic: *gláiˀnis
      • Slavic: *glěnь (“clay, loam”)[17] (see there for further descendants)
  • *glóh₁i-t-n̥ ~ *gl̥h₁y-t-én-s (“slime, glue”)[15]
    • Italic: *gloiten (“clay, mortar”)[15]
      • Latin: glūten (see there for further descendants)
  • *glóh₁i-to-m
    • Germanic: *klaiþą (see there for further descendants)
  • *gloh₁i-wó-s (“sticky”)[2][18][6]
    • Hellenic: [Term?]
      • Ancient Greek: γλοία (gloía) (< earlier *γλοιϝός (*gloiwós) or *γλοιι̯ός (*gloii̯ós)[1][6])
  • *gloh₁i-y-ó-s[8]
    • Germanic: *klajjaz (“clay”)[1][8] (see there for further descendants)
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Anatolian: [Term?]
      • Lydian: 𐤨𐤷𐤦𐤣𐤠 (kλida, “earth”) (probably)
    • Armenian:

See also

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959), “glei”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume II, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 362–364
  2. Fick, August (1890–1909) Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), 4th edition, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
  3. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*glei̯H-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 190
  4. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*glieti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 183: “*gleh₁i-”
  5. Orel, Vladimir (1998), “ngjis”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill
  6. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 276-277: “*γλοιϝός”
  7. Delamarre, Xavier (2003), “*gli-na-”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 3rd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 160
  8. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*klajja-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 291-292: “*gloi-(i)o-”
  9. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*glìna”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 164
  10. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*glìna”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page *gléˀināˀ
  11. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*glìva”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 182
  12. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*glìna”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page *gléˀināˀ
  13. Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–), “*1grai- : gri-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 283-284
  14. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*glьjь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 168
  15. De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “glūten”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 266-267: “*gloiten-”
  16. Gharib, B. (1995), “ɣг’у”, in Sogdian dictionary: Sogdian–Persian–English, Tehran: Farhangan Publications, page 167: “*griya”
  17. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*glĕnь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 163
  18. Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 122: “*gloiwos 'clay'”
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