Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂eydʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

*aydʰ-[1]

Root

*h₂eydʰ- [2][3][4]

to ignite
fire

Derived terms

► <a href='/wiki/Category:Terms_derived_from_the_PIE_root_*h%E2%82%82eyd%CA%B0-' title='Category:Terms derived from the PIE root *h₂eydʰ-'>Terms derived from the PIE root *h₂eydʰ-</a>

*h₂i-n-dʰ-tór ~ *h₂i-n-dʰ-rór (mediopassive nasal-infix imperfective)
- Indo-Iranian: *Hindᶻdʰáy
  - Indo-Aryan: *Hinddʰáy
    - Sanskrit: इन्द्धे (inddhé)
*h₂éydʰ-e-ti (root present)
- Hellenic: *áitʰō
  - Ancient Greek: αἴθω (aíthō)
- Indo-Iranian: *Háydʰati
  - Indo-Aryan: *Háydʰati
    - Sanskrit: एधते (édhate)
*h₂oydʰ-éye-ti (causative)
- Germanic: *aidijaną
  - Old High German: eiten
    - Middle High German: eiten
*h₂éydʰ-o-s
- Celtic: *aidos
  - Old Irish: áed
- Germanic: *aidaz (see there for further descendants)
- Hellenic: *áitʰos
  - Ancient Greek: αἶθος (aîthos)
- Indo-Iranian: *Háydʰas
  - Indo-Aryan: *Háydʰas
    - Sanskrit: एध (édha)
*h₂éydʰ-os ~ *h₂éydʰ-es-
- Hellenic: *áitʰos
  - Ancient Greek: αἶθος (aîthos)
- Indo-Iranian: *Háydʰas
  - Indo-Aryan: *Háydʰas
    - Sanskrit: एधस् (édhas)
*h₂éydʰ-lom
- Germanic: *ailą (see there for further descendants)
*h₂éydʰ-teh₂t-s
- Italic: *aissāts
  - Latin: aestās
*h₂éydʰ-tu-s ~ *h₂idʰ-téw-s
- Italic: *aissus
  - Latin: aestus
*h₂idʰ-tó-s
- Indo-Iranian: *Hidᶻdʰás
  - Indo-Aryan: *Hiddʰás
    - Sanskrit: इद्ध (iddhá)
*h₂éydʰ-mn̥
- Indo-Iranian: *Háydʰma
  - Iranian: *Háydma
    - Central Iranian:
      - Avestan: 𐬀𐬉𐬯𐬨𐬀‎ (aēsma, “firewood”)
    - Northeastern Iranian
      - Chorasmian: ازم‎ (ʾzm /izm/)
      - Sogdian: [Term?]
        Buddhist Sogdian: [script needed] (zmy /zmē , zmi/)
        
        Yagnobi: изм (izm)
    - Southeastern Iranian
      - Pashto: هېزم‎ (hezám) (perhaps borrowed from Persian)
    - Northwestern Iranian
      - Caspian:
        Gilaki: هیمه‎ (himə)
        
        Old Mazanderani: همه‎ (hema)
        Mazanderani: هیمه‎ (hīme)
      - Kurdish:
        Central Kurdish: هێزم‎ (hêzim)
        
        Northern Kurdish: êzing, ezing, hezing, hêzing, hêzîng
        
        Laki: هێمە‎ (hêma)
        
        Southern Kurdish: لێزمە‎ (lêzma) (perhaps) (*hê-> *lê-)
      - Old Median: [Term?]
        Middle Median: [Term?]
        Kermanic: [Term?]
        Ashtiani: هیمه‎ (hīma)
        
        Zoroastrian Dari: هیزمه‎ (hīzma)
        
        Old Tati:
        Old Azari: هەموم‎ (hamum, “my firewood”)
        
        Harzani: ایزم (īzem)
        
        Karingani: ایزم (īzem)
        
        Kalasuri: ایزم (īzem)
        
        Ramandi: ایزم (īzem)
        
        Talysh: [Term?]
        North Talysh: izem (īzem)
        
        South Talysh: ایزم‎ (īzem)
      - Zaza-Gorani:
        Gurani: هێزمێ‎ (hêzimê)
        
        Zazaki: eyzimi, îzimi
    - Southwestern Iranian
      - Lari: ایمه‎ (īma)
      - Middle Persian:
        Manichaean: 𐫙𐫏𐫖𐫃‎ (ʿymg /ēmag/)
        
        Inscriptional Pahlavi: 𐭠𐭩𐭮𐭬‎ (ʾysm /ēsm/), 𐭰𐭩𐭡𐭠‎ (CYBA /ēzm/)
        
        Persian: هیزم‎ (hīzom), ایزم‎ (ēz(o)m), هیمه‎ (hīme), هیم‎ (hīm)
        
        Lurish:
        Northern Luri: هیمه‎ (hīma)
        
        Bakhtiari: هیمه‎ (hīme)
        
        Southern Luri: هیمه‎ (hīma)

Unsorted formations:
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: αἰθήρ (aithḗr)
- Italic: *aid-
  - Latin: aedēs, aedis
- Tocharian:
  - Tocharian B: intsau[5]

References

Ringe, Don (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic, Oxford University Press
Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₂ei̯dʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 259
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill
Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill
Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “intsau”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 70

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[1] Ringe, Don (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic, Oxford University Press

[2] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₂ei̯dʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 259

[3] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill

[4] Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill

[5] Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “intsau”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 70