< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pléth₂us

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *pleth₂- (flat) + *-us.

Adjective

*pléth₂us [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]

  1. flat, broad

Inflection

Older proterokinetic pattern:

Athematic, proterokinetic
masculine feminine
nominative *pléth₂us *pl̥th₂éwih₂
genitive *pl̥th₂éws *pl̥th₂uyéh₂s
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *pléth₂us *pléth₂uh₁(e) *pléth₂ewes
vocative *pléth₂u *pléth₂uh₁(e) *pléth₂ewes
accusative *pléth₂um *pléth₂uh₁(e) *pléth₂ums
genitive *pl̥th₂éws *? *pl̥th₂éwoHom
ablative *pl̥th₂éws *? *pl̥th₂úmos
dative *pl̥th₂éwey *? *pl̥th₂úmos
locative *pl̥th₂éw, *pl̥th₂éwi *? *pl̥th₂úsu
instrumental *pl̥th₂úh₁ *? *pl̥th₂úbʰi
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *pl̥th₂éwih₂ *pl̥th₂éwih₂h₁(e) *pl̥th₂éwih₂es
vocative *pl̥th₂éwih₂ *pl̥th₂éwih₂h₁(e) *pl̥th₂éwih₂es
accusative *pl̥th₂éwih₂m̥ *pl̥th₂éwih₂h₁(e) *pl̥th₂éwih₂m̥s
genitive *pl̥th₂uyéh₂s *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂oHom
ablative *pl̥th₂uyéh₂s *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂mos
dative *pl̥th₂uyéh₂ey *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂mos
locative *pl̥th₂uyéh₂, *pl̥th₂uyéh₂i *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂su
instrumental *pl̥th₂uyéh₂h₁ *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂bʰi
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *pléth₂u *pléth₂wih₁ *pléth₂uh₂
vocative *pléth₂u *pléth₂wih₁ *pléth₂uh₂
accusative *pléth₂u *pléth₂wih₁ *pléth₂uh₂
genitive *pl̥th₂éws *? *pl̥th₂éwoHom
ablative *pl̥th₂éws *? *pl̥th₂úmos
dative *pl̥th₂éwey *? *pl̥th₂úmos
locative *pl̥th₂éw, *pl̥th₂éwi *? *pl̥th₂úsu
instrumental *pl̥th₂úh₁ *? *pl̥th₂úbʰi

Later hysterokinetic pattern:

Athematic, hysterokinetic
masculine feminine
nominative *pl̥th₂ús *pl̥th₂éwih₂
genitive *pl̥th₂éws *pl̥th₂uyéh₂s
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *pl̥th₂ús *pl̥th₂úh₁(e) *pl̥th₂úes
vocative *pl̥th₂ú *pl̥th₂úh₁(e) *pl̥th₂úes
accusative *pl̥th₂úm *pl̥th₂úh₁(e) *pl̥th₂úms
genitive *pl̥th₂éws *? *pl̥th₂éwoHom
ablative *pl̥th₂éws *? *pl̥th₂éwmos
dative *pl̥th₂éwey *? *pl̥th₂éwmos
locative *pl̥th₂éw, *pl̥th₂éwi *? *pl̥th₂éwsu
instrumental *pl̥th₂éwh₁ *? *pl̥th₂éwbʰi
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *pl̥th₂éwih₂ *pl̥th₂éwih₂h₁(e) *pl̥th₂éwih₂es
vocative *pl̥th₂éwih₂ *pl̥th₂éwih₂h₁(e) *pl̥th₂éwih₂es
accusative *pl̥th₂éwih₂m̥ *pl̥th₂éwih₂h₁(e) *pl̥th₂éwih₂m̥s
genitive *pl̥th₂uyéh₂s *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂oHom
ablative *pl̥th₂uyéh₂s *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂mos
dative *pl̥th₂uyéh₂ey *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂mos
locative *pl̥th₂uyéh₂, *pl̥th₂uyéh₂i *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂su
instrumental *pl̥th₂uyéh₂h₁ *? *pl̥th₂uyéh₂bʰi
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *pl̥th₂ú *pl̥th₂úyh₁ *pl̥th₂úh₂
vocative *pl̥th₂ú *pl̥th₂úyh₁ *pl̥th₂úh₂
accusative *pl̥th₂ú *pl̥th₂úyh₁ *pl̥th₂úh₂
genitive *pl̥th₂éws *? *pl̥th₂éwoHom
ablative *pl̥th₂éws *? *pl̥th₂éwmos
dative *pl̥th₂éwey *? *pl̥th₂éwmos
locative *pl̥th₂éw, *pl̥th₂éwi *? *pl̥th₂éwsu
instrumental *pl̥th₂éwh₁ *? *pl̥th₂éwbʰi

Derived terms

  • *pl̥th₂-éwih₂ (country, feminine substantive)

Descendants

  • Armenian: (+ Old Armenian յ- (y-))
  • Balto-Slavic: *platús (with unexpected *o-grade)
  • (perhaps) Germanic: *flataz (flat) (see there for further descendants)
  • Hellenic: *plətús
    • Ancient Greek: πλᾰτύς (platús) (see there for further descendants)
  • Indo-Iranian: *pr̥tʰúš (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. Wodtko, Dagmar S.; Irslinger, Britta; Schneider, Carolin (2008), “*pleth₂-”, in Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 564-566
  2. Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q., editors (1997) Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, pages 83, 133, 539
  3. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “flata-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 145
  4. Derksen, Rick (2015), “platus”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 362
  5. Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*flitano-, *flitawī”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 135
  6. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “πλατύς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1205
  7. Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “yałtʿ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 487-488
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