< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wiHrós

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

According to some, *wiHrós is derived from the verb *weyh₁- (“to hunt”) (cf. Sanskrit वेति (véti), Lithuanian výti etc.), which would render the reconstruction as *wih₁rós, with *h₁ at the place of otherwise unreconstructable laryngeal *H, and the original meaning of "hunter".

Noun

*wiHrós m (non-ablauting)

  1. man
  2. husband
  3. warrior, hero

Inflection
Thematic
singular
nominative *wiHrós
genitive *wiHrósyo
singular dual plural
nominative *wiHrós *wiHróh₁ *wiHróes
vocative *wiHré *wiHróh₁ *wiHróes
accusative *wiHróm *wiHróh₁ *wiHróms
genitive *wiHrósyo *? *wiHróoHom
ablative *wiHréad *? *wiHrómos
dative *wiHróey *? *wiHrómos
locative *wiHréy, *wiHróy *? *wiHróysu
instrumental *wiHróh₁ *? *wiHrṓys

Comment

Germanic, Celtic, and Italic forms point to a short *i, with loss of the root laryngeal, which is reconstructed on the basis of Sanskrit and Lithuanian (Balto-Slavic acute, retracted to the root vowel by Hirt's law) forms.

Descendants
  • Armenian:
    • (possibly) Old Armenian: ամուրի (amuri, “husbandless”)
  • Balto-Slavic: *wī́ˀras (“husband, man”)
  • Celtic: *wiros (see there for further descendants)
  • Germanic: *weraz (see there for further descendants)
  • Hellenic: [Term?]
    • (possibly) Ancient Greek: *ϝῑρος (*wīros, “hawk, eagle”)[1]
      • Ancient Greek: *ϝῑρᾱξ (*wīrāx)[1]
  • Indo-Iranian: *wiHrás (see there for further descendants)
  • Italic: *wiros (see there for further descendants)
  • Tocharian: *wir
    • Tocharian A: wir (“youthful, young, fresh”)

References
  1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἱέραξ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 579-580
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