Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/layaʀ

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *layaʀ.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /lajaʀ/, /lajar/

Noun

*layaʀ

sail (a piece of fabric attached to a boat)

Descendants

Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
- Central Malayo-Polynesian:
  - Central Maluku:
    - Boano (Maluku): naan
    - Manipa: leale
  - Flores–Lembata:
    - Lamaholot: laja
  - Sumba–Flores:
    - Kambera: líru
    - Komodo: lajah
    - Manggarai: lajar
    - Rembong: lazar
  - Timor–Babar:
    - Bilba: la
    - Leti (Indonesia): lara
    - Tetun Dili: laan
    - Tugun: lar
- Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
  - Halmahera-Cenderawasih:
    - Sawai: lóe
    - Waropen: rararo
  - Oceanic: *layaʀ
    - Admiralty Islands:
      - Yapese: laay
    - Central-Eastern Oceanic:
      - Central Pacific:
        Fijian: laca
        Polynesian: *laa
        Nuclear Polynesian:
        Eastern Polynesian:
        Marquesic:
        Hawaiian: lā
        Mangarevan: ra
        North Marquesan: ʻā
        Tahitic:
        Maori: rā
        Rarotongan: rā
        Tahitian: rā
        Western Polynesian:
        Ellicean–Outlier:
        Kapingamarangi: laa
        Sikaiana: laa
        Pileni: lā
        Tuvaluan: laa
        Futunic:
        Anuta: laa
        East Futuna: lā
        Futuna-Aniwa: ra
        Mele-Fila: raa
        Pukapukan: lā
        Samoic:
        Samoan: lā
        Tokelauan: lā
        Tongic:
        Niuafo'ou: lā
        Niuean: lā
        Tongan: lā, la
        Rotuman: läe
        Western Fijian: laca
      - Micronesian: *lea
      - Southern Oceanic:
        Bieria: nlai
        North Efate: nalae
    - Western Oceanic:
      - Dobu: naia
      - Hula: ra
      - Kilivila: naya
      - Lala: ra
      - Motu: lara
      - Wedau: nala
Western Malayo-Polynesian:
- Borneo-Philippine:
  - Greater Barito:
    - East Barito:
      - Malagasy: lay
    - Sama-Bajaw:
      - Central Sama: leha
      - Mapun: lē
    - West Barito:
      - Ngaju: layar
  - Land Dayak:
    - Rejang: layea
  - North Borneo:
    - Central Sarawak:
      - Central Melanau: layah
    - North Sarawak:
      - Bintulu: lazeh
    - Northeast Sabah:
      - Bonggi: liaag
      - Ida'an: layag
    - Southwest Sabah:
      - Central Dusun: layag
      - Coastal Kadazan: hazag
      - Rungus: lazag
      - Tobilung: layag
  - Philippine: *layaʀ
    - Central Luzon:
      - Kapampangan: layag
    - Greater Central Philippine:
      - Central Philippine:
        Bikol Central: layag
        Mansaka: layag
        Tagalog: layag
        Visayan:
        Aklanon: eayag
        Cebuano: layag
        Hiligaynon: layag
        Masbatenyo: layag
        Waray-Waray: layag
      - Danao:
        Maranao: layag
        Tausug: layag
      - Gorontalo–Mongondow:
        Kaidipang: layago
        Mongondow: leag
      - Manobo:
        Western Bukidnon Manobo: layag
      - South Mangyan:
        Hanunoo: layag
    - Northern Luzon:
      - Casiguran Dumagat Agta: layag
      - Dupaningan Agta: layag
      - Ilocano: layag
    - South Mindanao:
      - Tiruray: layag
- Celebic:
  - Lauje: layag
  - Tajio: layag
  - Totoli: leag
- Moklenic:
  - Moken: layan
- Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands:
  - Toba Batak: rear
  - Nias: loyo
  - Simeulue: laeal
- Palauan: yars
- Sunda-Sulawesi:
  - Chamorro: layak
  - Malayo-Sumbawan:
    - Bali–Sasak:
      - Balinese: layah
      - Sasak: layar
    - Malayo-Chamic:
      - Chamic:
        Acehnese: layeuë
      - Malayic: *layar
        Iban: layar
        Malay: layar
        Indonesian: layar
        Urak Lawoi': ลายัยํ (layal)
    - Sundanese: ᮜᮚᮁ (layar)