Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/mašk-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Etymology

From Proto-Afro-Asiatic *masak-. Compare Egyptian mskꜣ (“skin, hide, leather”).

Noun

*mašk-

skin

Inflection

Declension of *mašk-

possessive forms
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*mašku(m)	*maškā(ni)	*maškū(na)
Genitive	*maški(m)	*maškay(ni)	*maškī(na)
Accusative	*maška(m)	*maškay(ni)	*maškī(na)
1st c. sg. (my)	maškiya	1st c. pl. (our)	maškVnā
2nd m. sg. (your)	maškVkā	2nd m. pl. (your)	maškVkumū
2nd f. sg. (your)	maškVkī	2nd f. pl. (your)	maškVkinnā
3rd m. sg. (his)	maškVhū	3rd m. pl. (their)	maškVhummū
3rd f. sg. (her)	maškVšā	3rd f. pl. (their)	maškVšinnā

Descendants

Akkadian: 𒋢 (KUŠ /mašku/, “skin, leather”)
Arabic: مَسْك‎ (mask, “recently cut hide of a lamb or a kid”)
Aramaic:
Classical Mandaic: ࡌࡉࡔࡊࡀ‎ (miška, “skin”), (sporadically) ࡌࡀࡔࡊࡀ‎ (maška)

Classical Syriac: ܡܫܟܐ‎ (meškā, “skin, hide; leather; peel; tribute”)

Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: מַשְׁכָּא‎ (maškā, “skin, leather”), absolute state מְשַׁךְ‎ (mšaḵ)

Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: משך‎ (mšk, “hide, skin, leather”)

Modern Aramaic: ܡܫܟܐ‎ (meškā, “skin”), ܡܫܟܐ‎ (miška, “skin”)

Imperial Aramaic: 𐡌𐡔𐡊‎ (mšk, “skin, hide”)

Palmyrene: 𐡬𐡵𐡪 (mšk, “skin, hide”)
- → Ancient Greek: μέσκος (méskos, “skin, fleece”) (or from another descendant)
- → Old Armenian: մաշկ (mašk, “skin, hide”)
  - Armenian: մաշկ (mašk)
  - → Cappadocian Greek: μάσκι (máski)
  - → Old Georgian: მაშკი (mašḳi)
  - → Romani: maski
- → Old Persian: 𐎶𐏁𐎣𐎠 (maškā-, “(inflated) skin”) (or from another descendant)
  - Middle Persian: [script needed] (mšk' /mašk/, “mussuck, skin bag”)
    - Persian: مشک‎ (mašk)
      - → Chagatai: مسك‎ (mešk), مشیك‎ (mešik)
      - → Hindustani:
        Hindi: मशक (maśak)
        
        Urdu: مشک‎ (maśak)
        
        → English: mussuck
      - → Northern Kurdish: meşk (“skin bag”)
      - → Ottoman Turkish: مشك‎ (meşk)
Hebrew: מֶשֶׁךְ‎ (mešeḵ, “leather pouch”) (with a meaning shift)

References

Tower of Babel
“mšk”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
Shooshtary, Dakhil (2012), “Skin”, in Mandaic Dictionary: English Mandaic, Bloomington: AuthorHouse, →ISBN, page 239
Militarev, Alexander; Kogan, Leonid (2000) Semitic Etymological Dictionary, volume I: Anatomy of Man and Animals, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, →ISBN, No. 190
Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1977), “մաշկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume III, 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 260
Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 311

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