Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čajьka

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *čaja +‎ *-ьka, from onomatopoeia of cry *kē. Compare Sanskrit काक (kā́kas, “crow”), Old High German kā (“crow, jackdaw”), Middle Low German kâ (“crow, jackdaw”).

Unlikely is the theory that it is from *cajьka (“biding, chasing”), from *čajati/*čajiti.

Noun

*čajьka f

gull

Declension

Declension of *čajьka (hard a-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*čajьka	*čajьcě	*čajьky
Accusative	*čajьkǫ	*čajьcě	*čajьky
Genitive	*čajьky	*čajьku	*čajьkъ
Locative	*čajьcě	*čajьku	čajьkasъ, čajьkaxъ^*
Dative	*čajьcě	*čajьkama	*čajьkamъ
Instrumental	čajьkojǫ, čajьkǫ^**	*čajьkama	*čajьkami
Vocative	*čajьko	*čajьcě	*čajьky

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: ча́йка (čájka)
- Russian: ча́йка (čájka)
- Ukrainian: ча́йка (čájka)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: ча́йка (čájka)
- Macedonian: чајка (čajka)
- Slovene: čájka
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: čějka, čajka (“odula”)
  - Czech: čejka (“lapwing”)
- Polish: czajka (“northern lapwing”), dial. čayka (“lapwing”)
- Slovak: čajka
- Slovincian: [Term?]

References

Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “чайка”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čajьka”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 04, Moscow: Nauka, page 11

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