< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ętry
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ienˀter, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yenh₂tēr. Baltic cognates include Lithuanian jéntė (17th century), ìntė (Eastern dialectal), Latvian ìetere, iẽtaļa. Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek ἐνάτηρ (enátēr), Latin janitrīcēs, Sanskrit यातृ (yātṛ), and Old Armenian ներ (ner).
Inflection
Declension of *ętry (v-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ętry | *ętrъvi | *ętrъvi |
| Accusative | *ętrъvь | *ętrъvi | *ętrъvi |
| Genitive | *ętrъve | *ętrъvu | *ętrъvъ |
| Locative | *ętrъve | *ętrъvu | *ętrъvьxъ, *ętrъvaxъ* |
| Dative | *ętrъvi | *ętrъvьma, *ętrъvama* | *ętrъvьmъ, *ętrъvamъ* |
| Instrumental | *ętrъvьjǫ, *ętrъvľǫ** | *ętrъvьma, *ętrъvama* | *ętrъvьmi, *ętrъvami* |
| Vocative | *ętry | *ętrъvi | *ętrъvi |
* -ьmъ/etc. are the original consonant-stem endings, while -amъ/etc. are later Common Slavic endings formed by analogy with a-stems.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- Church Slavonic: ѩтрꙑ (jętry), gen. ѩтръве (jętrŭve)
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: ꙗтрꙑ (jatry), gen. ꙗтръве (jatrŭve)
- Belarusian: ятро́ўка (jatróŭka)
- Russian: я́тровь (játrovʹ) (dialectal)
- Ukrainian: ятрі́вка (jatrívka), ятро́вка (jatróvka)
- Old East Slavic: ꙗтрꙑ (jatry), gen. ꙗтръве (jatrŭve)
- South Slavic:
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*ętry”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 158
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “ятровь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1981), “*jętry”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 08, Moscow: Nauka, page 188
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