< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-tva
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From a-extension of supine *-tъ (u-stem).[1] Or from Proto-Indo-European *-tweh₂.[2]
Cognate with Lithuanian milžtuvė̃, Lietuvà. Compare Latin lītus, Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰 (frijaþwa).
Suffix
*-tva f
- Deverbative, forming nouns denoting an act, state, result.
- Deverbative, forming nouns denoting a tool.
Declension
Declension of *-tva (hard a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *-tva | *-tvě | *-tvy |
| Accusative | *-tvǫ | *-tvě | *-tvy |
| Genitive | *-tvy | *-tvu | *-tvъ |
| Locative | *-tvě | *-tvu | *-tvasъ, *-tvaxъ* |
| Dative | *-tvě | *-tvama | *-tvamъ |
| Instrumental | *-tvojǫ, *-tvǫ** | *-tvama | *-tvami |
| Vocative | *-tvo | *-tvě | *-tvy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
► <a href='/wiki/Category:Proto-Slavic_words_suffixed_with_*-tva' title='Category:Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-tva'>Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-tva</a>
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: -тва (-tva)
- Belarusian: -тва (-tva)
- Russian: -тва (-tva)
- Ukrainian: -тва (-tva)
- Old East Slavic: -тва (-tva)
- South Slavic:
Further reading
- Šekli, Matej (2012), “Besedotvorni pomeni samostalniških izpeljank v praslovanščini”, in Philological Studies (in Slovene), volume 10, issue 1, Skopje, Perm, Ljubljana, Zagreb, pages 115–32
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gubitva”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 07, Moscow: Nauka, page 166
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1988), “*litva”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 15, Moscow: Nauka, page 159
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1992), “*melztva”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 18, Moscow: Nauka, page 96
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1992), “*meltva”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 18, Moscow: Nauka, page 91
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1981), “*jat(ъ)va”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 08, Moscow: Nauka, page 183
- Sreznevskij, I. I. (1902), “приꙗти”, in Materialy dlja slovarja drevne-russkago jazyka po pisʹmennym pamjatnikam [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old Russian Language According to Written Monuments] (in Russian), volume 2, Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, page 1502
References
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gonitva”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 07, Moscow: Nauka, page 23
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*bìtva”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 32: “*bʰiH-tu-eh₂”
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