< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьje

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Akin to deverbal suffixes *-nьje and *-tьje. However, comparison with other Indo-European languages indicates archaicity of denominal formations, which are most likely substantivized adjectives. Compare

  • Ancient Greek ὕπνος (húpnos, “dream”) → ἐνύπνιον (enúpnion, “dreaming”) = Common Slavic *sъnъ → *sъnьje
  • Latin ōs, ōris (“mouth”) → ōstium (“estuary, river mouth”) = Common Slavic *usta → *ustьje

Suffix

*-ьje n

  1. Denominal, forming collective nouns
    *ostrovъ (“island”) → *ostrovьje (“archipelago”)
    *jedla (“spruce, fir”) → *jedlьje (“fir forest”)
    *dǫbъ (“tree”) → *dǫbьje (“trees”)
    *kamy, *kamene- (“stone”) → *kamenьje (“stones, rocks”)
  2. Deverbal (from past participle), forming action nouns
    *dati → *datъ / *danъ → *datьje / *danьje
    (*obrětti >) *obrěsti → *obrětenъ → *obrětenьje
    *kovati → *kovanъ → *kovanьje
    *kъrmiti → *kъrmljenъ → *kъrmljenьje
    (*ostojěti >) *ostojati → *ostojanъ → *ostojanьje
  3. Denominal, forming nouns denoting various concepts
    *usta (“mouth”) → *ustьje (“mouth”)
    *sъnъ (“sleep”) → *sъnьje (“dream”)
    *na- +‎ *rěčь (“speech”) → *narěčьje (“adverb”)
    *na- +‎ *sila (“force”) → *nasilьje (“violence”)
  4. Structural formant, without a base noun to synchronically derive from
    *zna-mę, *zna-men- (“sign, signal, mark”) → *znamenьje (“signs, signals, marks”)
  5. Deadjectival, forming nouns denoting a property, state or condition
    *obilъ (“abundant”) → *obilьje (“abundance”)
    *sъdorvъ (“healthy”) → *sъdorvьje (“health”)
    *veselъ (“happy”) → *veselьje (“joy, happiness”)
  6. Denominal, forming nouns denoting location or time
    *po- +‎ *rěka (“river”) → *porěčьje (“region near, along a river”)
    *za- +‎ *gora (“forest, mountain”) → *zagorьje (“region nearby a mountain”)
    *krajь- +‎ *bergъ (“coast”) → *krajьberžьje (“coastline”)
    *nadъ- +‎ *věsъ (“screen, curtain”) → *nadъvěsьje (“arch, dome, sth hanging over”)
    *bez- +‎ *vermę (“time”) → *bezvermьje (“timelessness”)
    *na- +‎ *večerъ (“eve”) → *navečerьje (“evening, time before dawn”)

Declension
Declension of *-ьje (soft o-stem)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *-ьje *-ьji *-ьja
Accusative *-ьje *-ьji *-ьja
Genitive *-ьja *-ьju *-ьjь
Locative *-ьji *-ьju *-ьjixъ
Dative *-ьju *-ьjema *-ьjemъ
Instrumental *-ьjьmь, *-ьjemь* *-ьjema *-ьji
Vocative *-ьje *-ьji *-ьja
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.

See also

Derived terms
  • *-nьje (deverbal, with a *-n- suffix taken from past passive participle)
  • *-tьje (deverbal, with a *-t- suffix taken from past passive participle)
► <a href='/wiki/Category:Proto-Slavic_words_suffixed_with_*-%D1%8Cje' title='Category:Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-ьje'>Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-ьje</a>

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: -ие (-ie)
      • Belarusian: -е (-je)
      • Russian: -ьё (-ʹjó), -ие (-ije), -ье (-ʹje)
      • Ukrainian: -я (-ja)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: -ѥ (-je)
      Glagolitic: -ⱑ (je)
    • Bulgarian: -ье (-ʹe), -ие (-ie)
    • Macedonian: -је (-je)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic: -је; allomorphic: -ће (<* -t-ьje), -шће (<* -st-ьje) -ње (< *-n-ьje), -ље (< *-l-ьje)
      Latin: -je; allomorphic: -će (<* -t-ьje), -šće (<* -st-ьje) -nje (< *-n-ьje), -lje (< *-l-ьje)
    • Slovene: -je
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: -ie
    • Kashubian: -ié
    • Polish: -e, -ė, -ie
    • Slovak: -ie
    • Slovincian: -ė

References
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