< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ěsti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ḗˀstei (present *ḗˀdmi), usually explained as an instance of Winter's law, deriving from Proto-Indo-European *h₁édti (“to eat”).
The PIE root *h₁ed- is sometimes argued to have an acrostatic Narten present, with a lengthened-grade in the singular active, which would render the Proto-Indo-European source as *h₁ḗd-.
Conjugation
Conjugation of *ěsti (athematic)
| infinitive | *ěsti | |
|---|---|---|
| supine | *ěstъ | |
| verbal noun | *ědenьje | |
| participles | present | past |
| active | *ědy | *ědъ |
| passive | *ědomъ | *ědenъ |
| resultative | — | *ělъ |
| present | imperative | |
| 1st singular | *ěmь | — |
| 2nd singular | *ěsi | *ěďь |
| 3rd singular | *ěstь | *ěďь |
| 1st dual | *ěvě | *ědivě |
| 2nd dual | *ěsta | *ědita |
| 3rd dual | *ěste | — |
| 1st plural | *ěmъ | *ědimъ |
| 2nd plural | *ěste | *ědite |
| 3rd plural | *ědętь | — |
| imperfect | aorist | |
| 1st singular | *ěděaxъ | *ěsъ |
| 2nd singular | *ěděaše | *ěstъ, *ě |
| 3rd singular | *ěděaše | *ěstъ, *ě |
| 1st dual | *ěděaxově | *ěsově |
| 2nd dual | *ěděašeta | *ěsta |
| 3rd dual | *ěděašete | *ěste |
| 1st plural | *ěděaxomъ | *ěsomъ |
| 2nd plural | *ěděašete | *ěste |
| 3rd plural | *ěděaxǫ | *ěsę |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*ě̀sti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 154
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