Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/světъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śwaitas, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwoytos / *ḱweytos (“bright; shine”), from *ḱwey-.

Baltic cognates include Lithuanian šviẽsti (“to shine”).

Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit श्वेत (śveta, “white, bright”), Avestan 𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬉𐬙𐬀‎ (spaēta, “white”), Proto-Germanic *hwītaz (“white”), Sanskrit श्वित्र (śvitra, “white”), Old Persian [script needed] (spiθra, “white”). Cognate with English white.

Noun

*svě̑tъ m

light
world

Declension

Declension of *svě̑tъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*svě̑tъ	*svě̑ta	*svě̑ti
Accusative	*svě̑tъ	*svě̑ta	*svě̑ty
Genitive	*svě̑ta	*světù	*svě̃tъ
Locative	*svě̑tě	*světù	*světě̃xъ
Dative	*svě̑tu	*světomà	*světòmъ
Instrumental	svě̑tъmь, svě̑tomь^*	*světomà	*světý
Vocative	*světe	*svě̑ta	*svě̑ti

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

*svěťa (“candle”)

Related terms

*květъ (“flower”)
*kvisti (“bloom, blossom”)
*svitati

*svьtěti (“to shine”)
*svьnǫti

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: свѣтъ (světŭ)
  - Belarusian: свет (svjet)
  - Russian: свет (svet)
  - Rusyn: світ (svit)
  - Ukrainian: світ (svit, “world”), світло (svitlo, “light”)

South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: свѣтъ (světŭ)
  
  Glagolitic: ⱄⰲⱑⱅⱏ (světŭ)
- Bulgarian: свят (svjat)
- Macedonian: свет (svet)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: све̑т, свије̑т, сви̑т
  
  Latin: svȇt, svijȇt, svȋt
- Slovene: svẹ̑t (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:
- Czech: svět (“world”), světlo (“light”)
- Kashubian: swiat
- Polabian: sjot
- Polish: świat (“world”), światło (“light”)
- Slovak: svet (“world”), svetlo (“light”)
- Slovincian: svjãt
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: swět
  - Upper Sorbian: swět

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 476
Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “свет”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “свет”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 145

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