< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tьrkati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *(s)tŕ̥H-k-еh₂-ti, from *(s)terHk- (“to shove”).
Inflection
Conjugation of *tьrkati (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *tьrkanьje | *tьrkati | *tьrkatъ | *tьrkalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *tьrkanъ | *tьrkajemъ |
| Active | *tьrkavъ | *tьrkaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *tьrkaxъ | *tьrka | *tьrka | *tьrkajǫ | *tьrkaješi | *tьrkajetь |
| Dual | *tьrkaxově | *tьrkasta | *tьrkaste | *tьrkajevě | *tьrkajeta | *tьrkajete |
| Plural | *tьrkaxomъ | *tьrkaste | *tьrkašę | *tьrkajemъ | *tьrkajete | *tьrkajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *tьrkaaxъ | *tьrkaaše | *tьrkaaše | — | *tьrkaji | *tьrkaji |
| Dual | *tьrkaaxově | *tьrkaašeta | *tьrkaašete | *tьrkajivě | *tьrkajita | — |
| Plural | *tьrkaaxomъ | *tьrkaašete | *tьrkaaxǫ | *tьrkajimъ | *tьrkajite | — |
Related terms
- *terti (“to rub”)
- *tьrstь (“reed”)
- *tьrskati (“to shake off”)
Derived terms
- *jьztьrkati (“to fray”)
- *otьrkati (“to rub in”)
- *potьrkati (“to scrub up”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: тарка́ць (tarkácʹ)
- Russian: то́ркать (tórkatʹ)
- Ukrainian: торка́ти (torkáty)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: *трькати (*trĭkati)
- Bulgarian: търкам (tǎrkam)
- Serbo-Croatian: tȑkati (attested only in Kajkavian diaclect)
- Slovene: tr̄kati (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Czech: trkat, strkati
- Slovak: strkаt᾽
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: starkaś
- Upper Sorbian: storkać
Further reading
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “торкать”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
References
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “tr̄kati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar, Ljubljana: Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, →ISBN: “*tъ̋rkati”
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