Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vortiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wart-ei-/*wart-i-, from Proto-Indo-European *wort-éye-ti (a causative/iterative form), from Proto-Indo-European *wert-.

Baltic cognates include Lithuanian vartýti (“to turn”), Latvian vā̀rtît (“to turn”), Old Prussian wartint (“to turn”). Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit वर्तयति (vartáyati, “to turn”), Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (frawardjan, “to corrupt”).

Verb

*vōrtìti

to turn, to return

Inflection

Conjugation of *vortiti (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*vorťenьje	*vortiti	*vortitъ	*vortilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*vorťenъ	*vortimъ
Active	*vorťь	*vortę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*vortixъ	*vorti	*vorti	*vorťǫ	*vortiši	*vortitь
Dual	*vortixově	*vortista	*vortiste	*vortivě	*vortita	*vortite
Plural	*vortixomъ	*vortiste	*vortišę	*vortimъ	*vortite	*vortętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*vorťaaxъ	*vorťaaše	*vorťaaše	—	*vorti	*vorti
Dual	*vorťaaxově	*vorťaašeta	*vorťaašete	*vortivě	*vortita	—
Plural	*vorťaaxomъ	*vorťaašete	*vorťaaxǫ	*vortimъ	*vortite	—

(*)*vortivъ is later doublet of past active participle

Related terms

*vermę (“time”)
*verteno (“spindle”)
*vorta (“door, gate”)

*vьrsta (“row, age, kind”)
*vьrstva (“row, age, kind”)
*vьrtěti (“to turn”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: воротити (vorotiti)
  - Russian: вороти́ть (vorotítʹ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic: вратити (vratiti)
  - → Russian: -врати́ть (-vratítʹ)
- Bulgarian: вра́тя (vrátja)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: вра́тити
  
  Latin: vrátiti
- Slovene: vrátiti
West Slavic:
- Czech: vrátit
- Polish: wrócić
- Slovak: vrátiť
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: wróćić
  - Lower Sorbian: wrośiś

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 529
Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “воротить”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress

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