< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xrьbьtъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Equivalent to the 0-grade of *xribъ (“hill”) + *-ьtъ, likely from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreybʰ- (“to scrape, to tear”). Akin to Lithuanian skriẽbti (“to rub, to scrub”), Proto-Germanic *hrībaną (“to scratch”), Proto-Italic *skreiβō (“to scribe”).
ESSJa draws comparison with Proto-Slavic *skrebti (“to scrape”) (from Proto-Indo-European *skreb-), suggesting that *xrьbьtъ and its cognates represent expressive enlargement ("эксперессивное преобразование" in Trubachyev own words) of the former root.
Alternative forms
- *xribьtъ
- dial. *xribьcь
Declension
Declension of *xrьbь̀tъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *xrьbь̀tъ | *xrьbьtà | *xrьbьtì |
| Accusative | *xrьbь̀tъ | *xrьbьtà | *xrьbьtỳ |
| Genitive | *xrьbьtà | *xrьbьtù | *xrьbь̀tъ |
| Locative | *xrьbьtě̀ | *xrьbьtù | *xrьbь̀těxъ |
| Dative | *xrьbьtù | *xrьbьtòma | *xrьbьtòmъ |
| Instrumental | *xrьbьtъ̀mь, *xrьbьtòmь* | *xrьbьtòma | *xrьbь̀ty |
| Vocative | *xrьbьte | *xrьbьtà | *xrьbьtì |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Related terms
- *uščьrbъ (“damage, defect”)
- *skъrbь (“starch, sorrow”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
References
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “xrьbьtъ”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b ryg, rygrad (PR 134)”
Further reading
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “хребе́т”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xribьtъ”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 08, Moscow: Nauka, page 96
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xrьbьtъ”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 08, Moscow: Nauka, page 107
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