arbor

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• Rhymes: -ɑː(r)bə(r)

From Middle English arbour, erbour, from Old French erbier (“field, meadow, kitchen garden”), from erbe (“grass, herb”), from Latin herba (“grass, herb”) (English herb). (Compare Late Latin herbārium, although erbier is possibly an independent formation.) The spelling was influenced by Latin arbor (“tree”).

• arbour (chiefly British)

arbor (plural arbors or arbores)

1. A shady sitting place or pergola usually in a park or garden, surrounded by climbing shrubs, vines or other vegetation.
2. A grove of trees.

• Ann Arbor

• arboreal
• arboreous
• arborescent
• arboretum
• arbor vitae
• herb

Borrowed from French arbre (“tree, axis”), spelling influenced by Latin arbor (“tree”).

arbor (plural arbors or arbores)

1. An axis or shaft supporting a rotating part on a lathe.
2. A bar for supporting cutting tools.
3. A spindle of a wheel.

• Barro, borra

• arbōs

By rhotacism from Old Latin arbōs, arbōsis, from Proto-Italic *arðōs, cognate with arduus (“high”): the meaning is "high plant"; the Indo-European /dʰ/ was shifted to /b/. From the Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ- (“high, to grow”).

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈar.bor/, [ˈar.bɔr]

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arbor f (genitive arboris); third declension

1. a tree
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 10:

     Interea genitor Tiberini ad fluminis undam / uulnera siccabat lymphis corpusque leuabat / arboris acclinis trunco

     Meantime, his father at Tiber's flowing stream bathed his wounds in the clear water and his body leant against the trunk of a tree.

2. mast (of a ship)
3. javelin, shaft of a javelin
4. a gallows
5. vocative singular of arbor

Third declension.

• (mast of a ship): mālus
• (javelin): iaculum, pīlum

• pōmus
• silva

• arbor in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

• arbor in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• arbor in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• arbor in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• arbor in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the vegetable kingdom: arbores stirpesque, herbae stirpesque (De Fin. 5. 11. 33)
    
  • the trees are coming into leaf: arbores frondescunt
    
  • to plant trees: arbores serere (De Sen. 7. 24)
    
  • to fell trees: arbores caedere
    

• arbol

From Latin arbor, arborem, from Old Latin arbōs, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ- (“high, to grow”).

• IPA^(key): [ˈar.βor]

arbor m (plural arbores)

1. tree
   • c. 1200, Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 1v. b.

     ally delát ebró. es mót mãbre. e ouo y grát arbor. e fue enzina. ala rayz daq́l arbor estaua abraã.

     There, past Hebron, is the hill Mamre, where there was a great oak tree. Abraham was [sitting] on the root of that tree.

   • Idem, f. 42v. b.

     e crebantaredes todas cibdades en caſtelladas entodos los arbores fermoſos todas las fontanas del agua cerraredes. entodas las buenas seńas abatredes […]

     And you shall defeat all cities and fortified towns, and fell all the good trees, and seal all the springs of water and ruin all the good pieces of land.

• Ladino: arvol, árvole
• Spanish: árbol
• Basque: arbol, arbola

arbor m (plural arbori)

1. Alternative form of arbore