crever
French
Etymology
From Old French crever, inherited from Latin crepāre, present active infinitive of crepō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorh₂-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kʁə.ve/
Audio (file)
Verb
crever
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated mostly like the regular -er verbs (parler and chanter and so on), but the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-. For example, in the third-person singular present indicative, we have il crève rather than *il creve. Other verbs conjugated this way include lever and mener. Related but distinct conjugations include those of appeler and préférer.
present participle | crevant /kʁə.vɑ̃/ | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
past participle | crevé /kʁə.ve/ | ||||||
infinitive | |||||||
simple | crever | ||||||
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
gerund1 | |||||||
simple | crevant /kʁə.vɑ̃/ | ||||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | crève /kʁɛv/ |
crèves /kʁɛv/ |
crève /kʁɛv/ |
crevons /kʁə.vɔ̃/ |
crevez /kʁə.ve/ |
crèvent /kʁɛv/ |
imperfect | crevais /kʁə.vɛ/ |
crevais /kʁə.vɛ/ |
crevait /kʁə.vɛ/ |
crevions /kʁə.vjɔ̃/ |
creviez /kʁə.vje/ |
crevaient /kʁə.vɛ/ | |
past historic2 | crevai /kʁə.ve/ |
crevas /kʁə.va/ |
creva /kʁə.va/ |
crevâmes /kʁə.vam/ |
crevâtes /kʁə.vat/ |
crevèrent /kʁə.vɛʁ/ | |
future | crèverai /kʁɛ.vʁe/ |
crèveras /kʁɛ.vʁa/ |
crèvera /kʁɛ.vʁa/ |
crèverons /kʁɛ.vʁɔ̃/ |
crèverez /kʁɛ.vʁe/ |
crèveront /kʁɛ.vʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | crèverais /kʁɛ.vʁɛ/ |
crèverais /kʁɛ.vʁɛ/ |
crèverait /kʁɛ.vʁɛ/ |
crèverions /kʁɛ.və.ʁjɔ̃/ |
crèveriez /kʁɛ.və.ʁje/ |
crèveraient /kʁɛ.vʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | crève /kʁɛv/ |
crèves /kʁɛv/ |
crève /kʁɛv/ |
crevions /kʁə.vjɔ̃/ |
creviez /kʁə.vje/ |
crèvent /kʁɛv/ |
imperfect2 | crevasse /kʁə.vas/ |
crevasses /kʁə.vas/ |
crevât /kʁə.va/ |
crevassions /kʁə.va.sjɔ̃/ |
crevassiez /kʁə.va.sje/ |
crevassent /kʁə.vas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | crève /kʁɛv/ |
— | crevons /kʁə.vɔ̃/ |
crevez /kʁə.ve/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Synonyms
- (die): mourir
Further reading
- “crever” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Old French
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-v, *-vs, *-vt are modified to f, s, t. This verb has a stressed present stem criev distinct from the unstressed stem crev. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | crever | avoir crevé | |||||
gerund | en crevant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
present participle | crevant | ||||||
past participle | crevé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | crief | crieves | crieve | crevons | crevez | crievent |
imperfect | crevoie, creveie, crevoe, creveve | crevoies, creveies, crevoes, creveves | crevoit, creveit, crevot, creveve | creviiens, creviens | creviiez, creviez | crevoient, creveient, crevoent, crevevent | |
preterite | crevai | crevas | creva | crevames | crevastes | creverent | |
future | creverai | creveras | crevera | creverons | creveroiz, crevereiz, creverez | creveront | |
conditional | creveroie, crevereie | creveroies, crevereies | creveroit, crevereit | creveriiens, creveriens | creveriiez, creveriez | creveroient, crevereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | crief | cries | criet | crevons | crevez | crievent |
imperfect | crevasse | crevasses | crevast | crevissons, crevissiens | crevissoiz, crevissez, crevissiez | crevassent | |
compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | crieve | — | crevons | crevez | — |
Related terms
- creveure
Further reading
- “crever” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (crever)