decem
Latin
< IX | X | XI > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : decem Ordinal : decimus Adverbial : deciēns Multiplier : decemplex Distributive : dēnī | ||
Latin Wikipedia article on decem |
Alternative forms
- Symbol: X
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥. Cognates include Sanskrit दश (daśa), Ancient Greek δέκα (déka), Old English tīen (English ten).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈde.kem/, [ˈdɛ.kẽ]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈde.t͡ʃem/, [ˈdeː.t͡ʃem]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Numeral
decem (indeclinable)
- ten; 10
- 100 BCE – 44 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 5.9:
- Caesar exposito exercitu et loco castris idoneo capto, ubi ex captivis cognovit quo in loco hostium copiae consedissent, cohortibus decem ad mare relictis et equitibus trecentis, qui praesidio navibus essent […]
- Caesar, having disembarked his army and chosen a convenient place for the camp, when he discovered from the prisoners in what part the forces of the enemy had lodged themselves, having left ten cohorts and 300 horse at the sea, to be a guard to the ships, hastens to the enemy […]
- Caesar exposito exercitu et loco castris idoneo capto, ubi ex captivis cognovit quo in loco hostium copiae consedissent, cohortibus decem ad mare relictis et equitibus trecentis, qui praesidio navibus essent […]
- 8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 15.422–423:
- sic magna fuit censuque virisque perque decem potuit tantum dare sanguinis annos
- Thus Troy stood great in wealth and men, and for ten years was able to give freely of her blood.
- sic magna fuit censuque virisque perque decem potuit tantum dare sanguinis annos
- 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Marcus.10.41:
- et audientes decem coeperunt indignari de Iacobo et Iohanne
- And when the ten heard it, they began to be much displeased with James and John.
- et audientes decem coeperunt indignari de Iacobo et Iohanne
Derived terms
Descendants
See also
- Appendix:Latin cardinal numerals
References
- decem in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- decem in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- decem in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- a boy ten years old: puer decem annorum
- to be ten years old: decem annos vixisse
- I was ten years old at the time: tum habebam decem annos
- to be fined 10,000 asses: decem milibus aeris damnari
- a boy ten years old: puer decem annorum
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