enchaîner
See also: enchainer
French
Alternative forms
Etymology
From en- + chaîne + -er. Possibly also corresponds to Vulgar Latin *incatēnāre, from Latin catēnāre. Compare Italian incatenare, Catalan, Occitan, and Spanish encadenar, Portuguese encadear.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.ne/
audio (file)
Verb
enchaîner
Conjugation
Conjugation of enchaîner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | enchaînant /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | enchaîné /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.ne/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | enchaîner | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | enchaînant /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | enchaîne /ɑ̃.ʃɛn/ |
enchaînes /ɑ̃.ʃɛn/ |
enchaîne /ɑ̃.ʃɛn/ |
enchaînons /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nɔ̃/ |
enchaînez /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.ne/ |
enchaînent /ɑ̃.ʃɛn/ |
| imperfect | enchaînais /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nɛ/ |
enchaînais /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nɛ/ |
enchaînait /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nɛ/ |
enchaînions /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.njɔ̃/ |
enchaîniez /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nje/ |
enchaînaient /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | enchaînai /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.ne/ |
enchaînas /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.na/ |
enchaîna /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.na/ |
enchaînâmes /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nam/ |
enchaînâtes /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nat/ |
enchaînèrent /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nɛʁ/ | |
| future | enchaînerai /ɑ̃.ʃɛn.ʁe/ |
enchaîneras /ɑ̃.ʃɛn.ʁa/ |
enchaînera /ɑ̃.ʃɛn.ʁa/ |
enchaînerons /ɑ̃.ʃɛn.ʁɔ̃/ |
enchaînerez /ɑ̃.ʃɛn.ʁe/ |
enchaîneront /ɑ̃.ʃɛn.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | enchaînerais /ɑ̃.ʃɛn.ʁɛ/ |
enchaînerais /ɑ̃.ʃɛn.ʁɛ/ |
enchaînerait /ɑ̃.ʃɛn.ʁɛ/ |
enchaînerions /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
enchaîneriez /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nə.ʁje/ |
enchaîneraient /ɑ̃.ʃɛn.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | enchaîne /ɑ̃.ʃɛn/ |
enchaînes /ɑ̃.ʃɛn/ |
enchaîne /ɑ̃.ʃɛn/ |
enchaînions /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.njɔ̃/ |
enchaîniez /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nje/ |
enchaînent /ɑ̃.ʃɛn/ |
| imperfect2 | enchaînasse /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nas/ |
enchaînasses /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nas/ |
enchaînât /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.na/ |
enchaînassions /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.na.sjɔ̃/ |
enchaînassiez /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.na.sje/ |
enchaînassent /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | enchaîne /ɑ̃.ʃɛn/ |
— | enchaînons /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.nɔ̃/ |
enchaînez /ɑ̃.ʃɛ.ne/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “enchaîner” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
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