kaataa
Finnish
(index ka)
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kaatadak.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑːtɑːˣ/, [ˈkɑːt̪ɑː(ʔ)]
- Hyphenation: kaa‧taa
Verb
kaataa (transitive)
- to pour (out); to spill
- Kaadan kahvia.
- I pour coffee.
- Kaadoin vesilasin.
- I spilled the glass of water.
- to knock/tip/turn over, overturn, upset
- He kaatoivat veneen.
- They overturned the boat.
- kaataa ylösalaisin ― to turn upside down
- to dump, tip (a load)
- to fell, cut/chop down (a tree), to cut (hay)
- Puuta kaadetaan.
- The tree is being felled.
- to shoot/kill down (game)
- to knock down
- Hänet kaadettiin.
- He was knocked down.
- to overthrow
- Kapinalliset kaatoivat hallituksen.
- The insurgents overthrew the government.
- (figuratively) to beat, to prevail over
- (figuratively) to make fall in love with, to charm (a person or people)
- (nautical) to capsize (to cause to overturn)
- (slang) to drink (alcohol), booze
- Menetkö kaatamaan (viinaa) tänään?
- Will you go to booze today?
Conjugation
| Inflection of kaataa (Kotus type 57/saartaa, t-d gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kaadan | en kaada | 1st sing. | olen kaatanut | en ole kaatanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kaadat | et kaada | 2nd sing. | olet kaatanut | et ole kaatanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kaataa | ei kaada | 3rd sing. | on kaatanut | ei ole kaatanut | |
| 1st plur. | kaadamme | emme kaada | 1st plur. | olemme kaataneet | emme ole kaataneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kaadatte | ette kaada | 2nd plur. | olette kaataneet | ette ole kaataneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kaatavat | eivät kaada | 3rd plur. | ovat kaataneet | eivät ole kaataneet | |
| passive | kaadetaan | ei kaadeta | passive | on kaadettu | ei ole kaadettu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kaasin kaadoin |
en kaatanut | 1st sing. | olin kaatanut | en ollut kaatanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kaasit kaadoit |
et kaatanut | 2nd sing. | olit kaatanut | et ollut kaatanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kaasi kaatoi |
ei kaatanut | 3rd sing. | oli kaatanut | ei ollut kaatanut | |
| 1st plur. | kaasimme kaadoimme |
emme kaataneet | 1st plur. | olimme kaataneet | emme olleet kaataneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kaasitte kaadoitte |
ette kaataneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kaataneet | ette olleet kaataneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kaasivat kaatoivat |
eivät kaataneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kaataneet | eivät olleet kaataneet | |
| passive | kaadettiin | ei kaadettu | passive | oli kaadettu | ei ollut kaadettu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kaataisin | en kaataisi | 1st sing. | olisin kaatanut | en olisi kaatanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kaataisit | et kaataisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kaatanut | et olisi kaatanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kaataisi | ei kaataisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kaatanut | ei olisi kaatanut | |
| 1st plur. | kaataisimme | emme kaataisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kaataneet | emme olisi kaataneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kaataisitte | ette kaataisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kaataneet | ette olisi kaataneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kaataisivat | eivät kaataisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kaataneet | eivät olisi kaataneet | |
| passive | kaadettaisiin | ei kaadettaisi | passive | olisi kaadettu | ei olisi kaadettu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | kaada | älä kaada | 2nd sing. | ole kaatanut | älä ole kaatanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kaatakoon | älköön kaatako | 3rd sing. | olkoon kaatanut | älköön olko kaatanut | |
| 1st plur. | kaatakaamme | älkäämme kaatako | 1st plur. | olkaamme kaataneet | älkäämme olko kaataneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kaatakaa | älkää kaatako | 2nd plur. | olkaa kaataneet | älkää olko kaataneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kaatakoot | älkööt kaatako | 3rd plur. | olkoot kaataneet | älkööt olko kaataneet | |
| passive | kaadettakoon | älköön kaadettako | passive | olkoon kaadettu | älköön olko kaadettu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | kaatanen | en kaatane | 1st sing. | lienen kaatanut | en liene kaatanut | |
| 2nd sing. | kaatanet | et kaatane | 2nd sing. | lienet kaatanut | et liene kaatanut | |
| 3rd sing. | kaatanee | ei kaatane | 3rd sing. | lienee kaatanut | ei liene kaatanut | |
| 1st plur. | kaatanemme | emme kaatane | 1st plur. | lienemme kaataneet | emme liene kaataneet | |
| 2nd plur. | kaatanette | ette kaatane | 2nd plur. | lienette kaataneet | ette liene kaataneet | |
| 3rd plur. | kaatanevat | eivät kaatane | 3rd plur. | lienevät kaataneet | eivät liene kaataneet | |
| passive | kaadettaneen | ei kaadettane | passive | lienee kaadettu | ei liene kaadettu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | kaataa | present | kaatava | kaadettava | ||
| long 1st2 | kaataakseen | past | kaatanut | kaadettu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | kaataessa | kaadettaessa | agent1, 3 | kaatama | |
| instructive | kaataen | — | negative | kaatamaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | kaatamassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | kaatamasta | — | ||||
| illative | kaatamaan | — | ||||
| adessive | kaatamalla | — | ||||
| abessive | kaatamatta | — | ||||
| instructive | kaataman | kaadettaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | kaataminen | ||||
| partitive | kaatamista | |||||
| 5th2 | kaatamaisillaan | |||||
Derived terms
References
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