dog

• darg, dawg, dug (dialectal); doggie, doggy (childish)

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /dɒɡ/

• Audio (UK)

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• (US) enPR: dôg, IPA^(key): /dɔɡ/

• Audio (US)

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• (US, Canada, cot–caught merger) IPA^(key): /dɑɡ/

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• Rhymes: -ɒɡ

From Middle English dogge[1] (whence also Scots dug (“dog”)), from Old English dogga, docga,[2][3] of uncertain origin.

The original meaning seems to have been a common dog, as opposed to a well-bred one, or something like 'cur', and perhaps later came to be used for stocky dogs. Possibly a pet-form diminutive with suffix -ga (compare frocga (“frog”), *picga (“pig”)), appended to a base *dog-, *doc- of unclear origin and meaning. One possibility is Old English dox (“dark, swarthy”) (compare frocga from frox).[4]

In 14th-century England, hound (from Old English hund) was the general word for all domestic canines, and dog referred to a subtype resembling the modern mastiff and bulldog.[5] By the 16th century, dog had become the general word, and hound had begun to refer only to breeds used for hunting.[6] In the 16th century, the word dog was adopted by several continental European languages as their word for mastiff.[7]

dog (plural dogs)

1. A mammal, Canis lupus familiaris, that has been domesticated for thousands of years, of highly variable appearance due to human breeding.
   • 1918, W. B. Maxwell, chapter 16, in The Mirror and the Lamp:

     The preposterous altruism too! […] Resist not evil. It is an insane immolation of self—as bad intrinsically as fakirs stabbing themselves or anchorites warping their spines in caves scarcely large enough for a fair-sized dog.

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 19, in The China Governess‎:

     When Timothy and Julia hurried up the staircase to the bedroom floor, where a considerable commotion was taking place, Tim took Barry Leach with him.  […] . The captive made no resistance and came not only quietly but in a series of eager little rushes like a timid dog on a choke chain.

   The dog barked all night long.

2. Any member of the Family Canidae, including domestic dogs, wolves, coyotes, jackals, foxes, and their relatives (extant and extinct); canid.
   • 1989, John L. Gittleman, Carnivore Behavior, Ecology, and Evolution, page 561:

     This includes the development of hyena-like bone crushers (Osteoborus and Borophagus), a large bone-crushing hunting dog (Aelurodon), and another borophagine frugivorous dog (Carpocyon).

3. (often attributive) A male dog, wolf or fox, as opposed to a bitch or vixen.
   • 1928, Siegfried Sassoon, Memoirs of a Fox-Hunting Man, Penguin 2013, page 149:

     Firstly, he was there to encourage and assist the hounds (a scratch pack – mostly dog-hounds drafted from fox-hound kennels because they were over-sized) […].

4. (slang, derogatory) A dull, unattractive girl or woman.

   She’s a real dog.

5. (slang) A man (derived from definition 2).

   You lucky dog!

   He's a silly dog.

6. (slang, derogatory) A coward.

   Come back and fight, you dogs!

7. (derogatory) Someone who is morally reprehensible.
   • Bible, 2 Kings viii. 13 (Rev. Ver.)

     What is thy servant, which is but a dog, that he should do this great thing?

   • 1599, Robert Greene, Alphonsus, King of Aragon (1599). Act 3.

     Blasphemous dog, I wonder that the earth / Doth cease from renting vnderneath thy feete, / To swallow vp those cankred corpes of thine.

   You dirty dog.

8. (slang) A sexually aggressive man (cf. horny).
   • 2005, Jordan Houston, Darnell Carlton, Paul Beauregard, Premro Smith, Marlon Goodwin, David Brown, and Willie Hutchinson (lyrics), “Stay Fly”, in Most Known Unknown‎, Sony BMG, performed by Three 6 Mafia (featuring Young Buck, 8 Ball, and MJG):

     DJ Paul is a dog; one you do not trust.

9. Any of various mechanical devices for holding, gripping, or fastening something, particularly with a tooth-like projection.
10. (Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) A click or pallet adapted to engage the teeth of a ratchet-wheel, to restrain the back action; a click or pawl. (See also: ratchet, windlass)
11. A metal support for logs in a fireplace.
    • 1902, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Hound of the Baskervilles

      In the great old-fashioned fireplace behind the high iron dogs a log-fire crackled and snapped.

    The dogs were too hot to touch.

12. (cartomancy) The eighteenth Lenormand card.
13. A hot dog.
    • 1994 July 21, Faye Fiore, “Congress relishes another franking privilege: Meat lobby puts on the dog with exclusive luncheon for lawmakers – experts on pork”, in Los Angeles Times‎:

      Congressmen gleefully wolfed down every imaginable version of the hot dog – smoked kielbasas, jumbo grillers, Big & Juicy's, kosher dogs and spiced dogs […]

14. (poker slang) Underdog.
15. (slang, almost always in the plural) Foot.

    My dogs are barking! ― My feet hurt!

16. (Cockney rhyming slang) (from "dog and bone") Phone or mobile phone.

    My dog is dead.

    My mobile-phone battery has run out of charge and is no longer able to function.

17. One of the cones used to divide up a racetrack when training horses.
18. shortened form of dog meat.

    Did you know that in South Korea, they eat dog?

• (animal): taxonomic names: Canis familiaris, Canis domesticus, Canis familiarus domesticus, Canis canis, Canis aegyptius, Canis familiarus aegyptius, Canis melitaeus, Canis familiarus melitaeus, Canis molossus, Canis familiarus molossus, Canis saultor, Canis familiaris saultor
• (animal): domestic dog, hound, canine; see also Thesaurus:dog
• (male): stud, sire
• (man): bloke (British), chap (British), dude, fellow, guy, man; see also Thesaurus:man
• (morally reprehensible person): cad, bounder, blackguard, fool, hound, heel, scoundrel
• (mechanical device): click, detent, pawl
• (metal support for logs): andiron, firedog, dogiron

• (male adult dog): bitch, pup, puppy

• (animal): Afghan hound, bloodhound, chihuahua, coonhound, dachshund, deerhound, foxhound, gazehound, German shepherd, greyhound, hound, Irish wolfhound, Norwegian elkhound, otterhound, pointer, poodle, retriever, Russian wolfhound, scenthound, setter, sheepdog, shepherd, sighthound, spaniel, staghound, terrier, wolfhound

• (animal): canid

• → Dutch: dog
• → Esperanto: dogo
• → French: dogue
• → German: Dogge
• → Ido: dogo
• → Kriol: dog
• → Portuguese: dogue
• → Russian: дог (dog)
• → Spanish: dogo
• Sranan Tongo: dagu
• → Volapük: dog, doeg

See dog/translations § Noun.

dog (third-person singular simple present dogs, present participle dogging, simple past and past participle dogged)

1. (transitive) To pursue with the intent to catch.
2. (transitive) To follow in an annoying or harassing way.

   The woman cursed him so that trouble would dog his every step.

   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:

     […] they were discovered in a very improper manner by the husband of the gypsy, who, from jealousy it seems, had kept a watchful eye over his wife, and had dogged her to the place, where he found her in the arms of her gallant.

   • 2012 January 1, Michael Riordan, “Tackling Infinity”, in American Scientist‎, volume 100, number 1, page 86:

     Some of the most beautiful and thus appealing physical theories, including quantum electrodynamics and quantum gravity, have been dogged for decades by infinities that erupt when theorists try to prod their calculations into new domains. Getting rid of these nagging infinities has probably occupied far more effort than was spent in originating the theories.

   • 2012 May 9, Jonathan Wilson, “Europa League: Radamel Falcao's Atlético Madrid rout Athletic Bilbao”, in the Guardian‎:

     But this is not an Athletic that ever looks comfortable at the back – a criticism that has often dogged Marcelo Bielsa's sides.

3. (transitive, nautical) To fasten a hatch securely.

   It is very important to dog down these hatches...

4. (intransitive, emerging usage in Britain) To watch, or participate, in sexual activity in a public place.

   I admit that I like to dog at my local country park.

5. (intransitive, transitive) To intentionally restrict one's productivity as employee; to work at the slowest rate that goes unpunished.

   A surprise inspection of the night shift found that some workers were dogging it.

6. (transitive) To criticize.
   • 1999 March 30, “Shakedown”, in JAG, season 4, episode 18, CBS:

     Harmon Rabb (David James Elliott): Are you dogging Harm's special meatless meatloaf?
     Sarah MacKenzie (Catherine Bell): Let's put it this way. If you were to make the Harmon Special on this ship, they'd have to unload it with the toxic waste.

• (to pursue with intent to catch): chase, chase after, go after, pursue, tag, tail, track, trail
• (to restrict one's productivity): soldier, goldbrick

• 🐕
• Category:en:Canids
• bark
• canine
• cynomorphic
• cynomorphism
• flea bag

• Michael Weisenberg (2000), The Official Dictionary of Poker (MGI/Mike Caro University, →ISBN
• dog on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• List of sequenced animal genomes on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Canis on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
• Dog on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons
• Canis on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

• God, god

From Dutch docht.

• IPA^(key): /dɔχ/

dog

1. Alternative form of dag (preterite of dink)

dog

1. however

   Det er dog ikke sikkert, at de taler sandt.

   It is, however, not certain that they are telling the truth.

2. Conveying impressedness, emotional affectation, bewilderment.

   Hvor er den hund dog nuttet!

   How cute that dog is!

   Sikke dramatisk du dog kan fremstille sagen!

   How dramatically you can present the matter!

dog

1. though

Borrowed from English dog. Attested since the 16th century.

• IPA^(key): /dɔx/

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• Hyphenation: dog
• Rhymes: -ɔx
• Homophone: doch

dog m (plural doggen, diminutive dogje n)

1. A large dog, especially one of certain breeds.

• Deense dog

From English dog.

dog

1. dog

From *dwog(a), from *udwoga, from *gudwaga, from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *gudaga. Related to Dyirbal guda, Yidiny gudaga. Not related to English dog; it is a false cognate.[1][2]

• IPA^(key): /dɔɡ/[2]

dog

1. dog

Onomatopoeic.

dog

1. thump, dub (sound of a heartbeat; thumping sound of a person walking on the roof of a house as heard by someone in the house)

• tsʼidog

dog

1. however

dog

1. though

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈdɔɡ/, /ˈdɔ.ɡi/

dog m (plural dogs)

1. Clipping of hot dog.

dog

1. past tense of dö.

• god

From English dog.

dog

1. dog

• IPA^(key): [doɡ]

dog (nominative plural dogs)

1. (male or female) dog

• doeg
• toradoeg

dog

1. proper, a lot; added to adj. to reinforce the meaning

   Dog snål

   particularly stingy

   Dog lat

   very lazy