kalmak

From Ottoman Turkish قالمق‎ (qalmaq, “to halt, cease moving, remain, remain behind, be left, to wait, to be deficient”), from Old Anatolian Turkish [script needed] (qalmaq, “to remain”), from Proto-Turkic *kiāl-mak (“to stay behind, remain”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰴𐰞‎ (qal-, “to be left (behind)”), Old Uyghur qʾlmʾq (qalmaq, “to remain”), Karakhanid قَلْماقْ‎ (qalmāq, “to remain”).

kalmak (third-person singular simple present kalır)

1. (intransitive) to remain, be left; to be left over
2. (intransitive) to come to a halt, reach a standstill
3. (intransitive) to wait, stay, camp
4. (intransitive) to spoil, go bad, sour
5. (intransitive, with ablative case) to fail (a class), flunk
6. (intransitive, with dative case) to be postponed to
7. (intransitive, with locative case) to be covered with
8. (intransitive, auxiliary) Expresses continuous action when used with verbal adverbs (those with -a, -e, -ıp, -ip, -up, -üp)

• (to stay): durmak, konaklamak
• (to remain, be left): artmak
• (to fail, flunk): çakmak

• kalıt
• Fransız kalmak