letha
Xhosa
Etymology
From Proto-Nguni [Term?], from Proto-Bantu *-déeta.
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Etymology
From Proto-Nguni [Term?], from Proto-Bantu *-déeta.
Inflection
Tone H | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukuletha | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukuletha | ukungalethi | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | letha | -lethe | |||||||
Plural | lethani | -letheni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyaletha, ngiletha | engilethayo, engiletha | ngiletha | angilethi | engingalethi | ngingalethi | |||
2nd singular | uyaletha, uletha | olethayo, oletha | uletha | awulethi | ongalethi | ungalethi | |||
1st plural | siyaletha, siletha | esilethayo, esiletha | siletha | asilethi | esingalethi | singalethi | |||
2nd plural | niyaletha, niletha | enilethayo, eniletha | niletha | anilethi | eningalethi | ningalethi | |||
Class 1 | uyaletha, uletha | olethayo, oletha | eletha | akalethi | ongalethi | engalethi | |||
Class 2 | bayaletha, baletha | abalethayo, abaletha | beletha | abalethi | abangalethi | bengalethi | |||
Class 3 | uyaletha, uletha | olethayo, oletha | uletha | awulethi | ongalethi | ungalethi | |||
Class 4 | iyaletha, iletha | elethayo, eletha | iletha | ayilethi | engalethi | ingalethi | |||
Class 5 | liyaletha, liletha | elilethayo, eliletha | liletha | alilethi | elingalethi | lingalethi | |||
Class 6 | ayaletha, aletha | alethayo, aletha | eletha | awalethi | angalethi | engalethi | |||
Class 7 | siyaletha, siletha | esilethayo, esiletha | siletha | asilethi | esingalethi | singalethi | |||
Class 8 | ziyaletha, ziletha | ezilethayo, eziletha | ziletha | azilethi | ezingalethi | zingalethi | |||
Class 9 | iyaletha, iletha | elethayo, eletha | iletha | ayilethi | engalethi | ingalethi | |||
Class 10 | ziyaletha, ziletha | ezilethayo, eziletha | ziletha | azilethi | ezingalethi | zingalethi | |||
Class 11 | luyaletha, luletha | olulethayo, oluletha | luletha | alulethi | olungalethi | lungalethi | |||
Class 14 | buyaletha, buletha | obulethayo, obuletha | buletha | abulethi | obungalethi | bungalethi | |||
Class 15 | kuyaletha, kuletha | okulethayo, okuletha | kuletha | akulethi | okungalethi | kungalethi | |||
Class 17 | kuyaletha, kuletha | okulethayo, okuletha | kuletha | akulethi | okungalethi | kungalethi | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngilethile, ngilethē | engilethile, engilethē | ngilethile, ngilethē | angilethanga | engingalethanga | ngingalethanga | |||
2nd singular | ulethile, ulethē | olethile, olethē | ulethile, ulethē | awulethanga | ongalethanga | ungalethanga | |||
1st plural | silethile, silethē | esilethile, esilethē | silethile, silethē | asilethanga | esingalethanga | singalethanga | |||
2nd plural | nilethile, nilethē | enilethile, enilethē | nilethile, nilethē | anilethanga | eningalethanga | ningalethanga | |||
Class 1 | ulethile, ulethē | olethile, olethē | elethile, elethē | akalethanga | ongalethanga | engalethanga | |||
Class 2 | balethile, balethē | abalethile, abalethē | belethile, belethē | abalethanga | abangalethanga | bengalethanga | |||
Class 3 | ulethile, ulethē | olethile, olethē | ulethile, ulethē | awulethanga | ongalethanga | ungalethanga | |||
Class 4 | ilethile, ilethē | elethile, elethē | ilethile, ilethē | ayilethanga | engalethanga | ingalethanga | |||
Class 5 | lilethile, lilethē | elilethile, elilethē | lilethile, lilethē | alilethanga | elingalethanga | lingalethanga | |||
Class 6 | alethile, alethē | alethile, alethē | elethile, elethē | awalethanga | angalethanga | engalethanga | |||
Class 7 | silethile, silethē | esilethile, esilethē | silethile, silethē | asilethanga | esingalethanga | singalethanga | |||
Class 8 | zilethile, zilethē | ezilethile, ezilethē | zilethile, zilethē | azilethanga | ezingalethanga | zingalethanga | |||
Class 9 | ilethile, ilethē | elethile, elethē | ilethile, ilethē | ayilethanga | engalethanga | ingalethanga | |||
Class 10 | zilethile, zilethē | ezilethile, ezilethē | zilethile, zilethē | azilethanga | ezingalethanga | zingalethanga | |||
Class 11 | lulethile, lulethē | olulethile, olulethē | lulethile, lulethē | alulethanga | olungalethanga | lungalethanga | |||
Class 14 | bulethile, bulethē | obulethile, obulethē | bulethile, bulethē | abulethanga | obungalethanga | bungalethanga | |||
Class 15 | kulethile, kulethē | okulethile, okulethē | kulethile, kulethē | akulethanga | okungalethanga | kungalethanga | |||
Class 17 | kulethile, kulethē | okulethile, okulethē | kulethile, kulethē | akulethanga | okungalethanga | kungalethanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngāletha | engāletha | ngāletha | angilethanga | engingalethanga | ngingalethanga | |||
2nd singular | wāletha | owāletha | wāletha | awulethanga | ongalethanga | ungalethanga | |||
1st plural | sāletha | esāletha | sāletha | asilethanga | esingalethanga | singalethanga | |||
2nd plural | nāletha | enāletha | nāletha | anilethanga | eningalethanga | ningalethanga | |||
Class 1 | wāletha | owāletha | āletha | akalethanga | ongalethanga | engalethanga | |||
Class 2 | bāletha | abāletha | bāletha | abalethanga | abangalethanga | bengalethanga | |||
Class 3 | wāletha | owāletha | wāletha | awulethanga | ongalethanga | ungalethanga | |||
Class 4 | yāletha | eyāletha | yāletha | ayilethanga | engalethanga | ingalethanga | |||
Class 5 | lāletha | elāletha | lāletha | alilethanga | elingalethanga | lingalethanga | |||
Class 6 | āletha | āletha | āletha | awalethanga | angalethanga | engalethanga | |||
Class 7 | sāletha | esāletha | sāletha | asilethanga | esingalethanga | singalethanga | |||
Class 8 | zāletha | ezāletha | zāletha | azilethanga | ezingalethanga | zingalethanga | |||
Class 9 | yāletha | eyāletha | yāletha | ayilethanga | engalethanga | ingalethanga | |||
Class 10 | zāletha | ezāletha | zāletha | azilethanga | ezingalethanga | zingalethanga | |||
Class 11 | lwāletha | olwāletha | lwāletha | alulethanga | olungalethanga | lungalethanga | |||
Class 14 | bāletha | obāletha | bāletha | abulethanga | obungalethanga | bungalethanga | |||
Class 15 | kwāletha | okwāletha | kwāletha | akulethanga | okungalethanga | kungalethanga | |||
Class 17 | kwāletha | okwāletha | kwāletha | akulethanga | okungalethanga | kungalethanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingaletha | — | ngingaletha | ngingelethe | — | ngingelethe | |||
2nd singular | ungaletha | — | ungaletha | ungelethe | — | ungelethe | |||
1st plural | singaletha | — | singaletha | singelethe | — | singelethe | |||
2nd plural | ningaletha | — | ningaletha | ningelethe | — | ningelethe | |||
Class 1 | angaletha | — | engaletha | angelethe | — | engelethe | |||
Class 2 | bangaletha | — | bengaletha | bangelethe | — | bengelethe | |||
Class 3 | ungaletha | — | ungaletha | ungelethe | — | ungelethe | |||
Class 4 | ingaletha | — | ingaletha | ingelethe | — | ingelethe | |||
Class 5 | lingaletha | — | lingaletha | lingelethe | — | lingelethe | |||
Class 6 | angaletha | — | engaletha | angelethe | — | engelethe | |||
Class 7 | singaletha | — | singaletha | singelethe | — | singelethe | |||
Class 8 | zingaletha | — | zingaletha | zingelethe | — | zingelethe | |||
Class 9 | ingaletha | — | ingaletha | ingelethe | — | ingelethe | |||
Class 10 | zingaletha | — | zingaletha | zingelethe | — | zingelethe | |||
Class 11 | lungaletha | — | lungaletha | lungelethe | — | lungelethe | |||
Class 14 | bungaletha | — | bungaletha | bungelethe | — | bungelethe | |||
Class 15 | kungaletha | — | kungaletha | kungelethe | — | kungelethe | |||
Class 17 | kungaletha | — | kungaletha | kungelethe | — | kungelethe | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizoletha | engizoletha | ngizoletha | angizuletha | engingezuletha | ngingezuletha | |||
2nd singular | uzoletha | ozoletha | uzoletha | awuzuletha | ongezuletha | ungezuletha | |||
1st plural | sizoletha | esizoletha | sizoletha | asizuletha | esingezuletha | singezuletha | |||
2nd plural | nizoletha | enizoletha | nizoletha | anizuletha | eningezuletha | ningezuletha | |||
Class 1 | uzoletha | ozoletha | ezoletha | akazuletha | ongezuletha | engezuletha | |||
Class 2 | bazoletha | abazoletha | bezoletha | abazuletha | abangezuletha | bengezuletha | |||
Class 3 | uzoletha | ozoletha | uzoletha | awuzuletha | ongezuletha | ungezuletha | |||
Class 4 | izoletha | ezoletha | izoletha | ayizuletha | engezuletha | ingezuletha | |||
Class 5 | lizoletha | elizoletha | lizoletha | alizuletha | elingezuletha | lingezuletha | |||
Class 6 | azoletha | azoletha | ezoletha | awazuletha | angezuletha | engezuletha | |||
Class 7 | sizoletha | esizoletha | sizoletha | asizuletha | esingezuletha | singezuletha | |||
Class 8 | zizoletha | ezizoletha | zizoletha | azizuletha | ezingezuletha | zingezuletha | |||
Class 9 | izoletha | ezoletha | izoletha | ayizuletha | engezuletha | ingezuletha | |||
Class 10 | zizoletha | ezizoletha | zizoletha | azizuletha | ezingezuletha | zingezuletha | |||
Class 11 | luzoletha | oluzoletha | luzoletha | aluzuletha | olungezuletha | lungezuletha | |||
Class 14 | buzoletha | obuzoletha | buzoletha | abuzuletha | obungezuletha | bungezuletha | |||
Class 15 | kuzoletha | okuzoletha | kuzoletha | akuzuletha | okungezuletha | kungezuletha | |||
Class 17 | kuzoletha | okuzoletha | kuzoletha | akuzuletha | okungezuletha | kungezuletha | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyoletha | engiyoletha | ngiyoletha | angiyuletha | engingeyuletha | ngingeyuletha | |||
2nd singular | uyoletha | oyoletha | uyoletha | awuyuletha | ongeyuletha | ungeyuletha | |||
1st plural | siyoletha | esiyoletha | siyoletha | asiyuletha | esingeyuletha | singeyuletha | |||
2nd plural | niyoletha | eniyoletha | niyoletha | aniyuletha | eningeyuletha | ningeyuletha | |||
Class 1 | uyoletha | oyoletha | eyoletha | akayuletha | ongeyuletha | engeyuletha | |||
Class 2 | bayoletha | abayoletha | beyoletha | abayuletha | abangeyuletha | bengeyuletha | |||
Class 3 | uyoletha | oyoletha | uyoletha | awuyuletha | ongeyuletha | ungeyuletha | |||
Class 4 | iyoletha | eyoletha | iyoletha | ayiyuletha | engeyuletha | ingeyuletha | |||
Class 5 | liyoletha | eliyoletha | liyoletha | aliyuletha | elingeyuletha | lingeyuletha | |||
Class 6 | ayoletha | ayoletha | eyoletha | awayuletha | angeyuletha | engeyuletha | |||
Class 7 | siyoletha | esiyoletha | siyoletha | asiyuletha | esingeyuletha | singeyuletha | |||
Class 8 | ziyoletha | eziyoletha | ziyoletha | aziyuletha | ezingeyuletha | zingeyuletha | |||
Class 9 | iyoletha | eyoletha | iyoletha | ayiyuletha | engeyuletha | ingeyuletha | |||
Class 10 | ziyoletha | eziyoletha | ziyoletha | aziyuletha | ezingeyuletha | zingeyuletha | |||
Class 11 | luyoletha | oluyoletha | luyoletha | aluyuletha | olungeyuletha | lungeyuletha | |||
Class 14 | buyoletha | obuyoletha | buyoletha | abuyuletha | obungeyuletha | bungeyuletha | |||
Class 15 | kuyoletha | okuyoletha | kuyoletha | akuyuletha | okungeyuletha | kungeyuletha | |||
Class 17 | kuyoletha | okuyoletha | kuyoletha | akuyuletha | okungeyuletha | kungeyuletha | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngilethe | ngingalethi | |||||||
2nd singular | ulethe | ungalethi | |||||||
1st plural | silethe | singalethi | |||||||
2nd plural | nilethe | ningalethi | |||||||
Class 1 | alethe | angalethi | |||||||
Class 2 | balethe | bangalethi | |||||||
Class 3 | ulethe | ungalethi | |||||||
Class 4 | ilethe | ingalethi | |||||||
Class 5 | lilethe | lingalethi | |||||||
Class 6 | alethe | angalethi | |||||||
Class 7 | silethe | singalethi | |||||||
Class 8 | zilethe | zingalethi | |||||||
Class 9 | ilethe | ingalethi | |||||||
Class 10 | zilethe | zingalethi | |||||||
Class 11 | lulethe | lungalethi | |||||||
Class 14 | bulethe | bungalethi | |||||||
Class 15 | kulethe | kungalethi | |||||||
Class 17 | kulethe | kungalethi | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngaletha | ngangaletha, angaletha, angangaletha | |||||||
2nd singular | waletha | wangaletha, awaletha, awangaletha | |||||||
1st plural | saletha | sangaletha, asaletha, asangaletha | |||||||
2nd plural | naletha | nangaletha, analetha, anangaletha | |||||||
Class 1 | waletha | wangaletha, akaletha, akangaletha | |||||||
Class 2 | baletha | bangaletha, abaletha, abangaletha | |||||||
Class 3 | waletha | wangaletha, awaletha, awangaletha | |||||||
Class 4 | yaletha | yangaletha, ayaletha, ayangaletha | |||||||
Class 5 | laletha | langaletha, alaletha, alangaletha | |||||||
Class 6 | aletha | angaletha, awaletha, awangaletha | |||||||
Class 7 | saletha | sangaletha, asaletha, asangaletha | |||||||
Class 8 | zaletha | zangaletha, azaletha, azangaletha | |||||||
Class 9 | yaletha | yangaletha, ayaletha, ayangaletha | |||||||
Class 10 | zaletha | zangaletha, azaletha, azangaletha | |||||||
Class 11 | lwaletha | lwangaletha, alwaletha, alwangaletha | |||||||
Class 14 | baletha | bangaletha, abaletha, abangaletha | |||||||
Class 15 | kwaletha | kwangaletha, akwaletha, akwangaletha | |||||||
Class 17 | kwaletha | kwangaletha, akwaletha, akwangaletha |
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “letha”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “letha (3.9)”
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