loitsia
Finnish
Etymology
Probably from the verb luoda (“to create”) (from Proto-Uralic *loŋe- (“to throw, push away”)) or stem luo-. Compare loistaa.
Conjugation
| Inflection of loitsia (Kotus type 61/sallia, no gradation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | ||||||
| present tense | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | loitsin | en loitsi | 1st sing. | olen loitsinut | en ole loitsinut | |
| 2nd sing. | loitsit | et loitsi | 2nd sing. | olet loitsinut | et ole loitsinut | |
| 3rd sing. | loitsii | ei loitsi | 3rd sing. | on loitsinut | ei ole loitsinut | |
| 1st plur. | loitsimme | emme loitsi | 1st plur. | olemme loitsineet | emme ole loitsineet | |
| 2nd plur. | loitsitte | ette loitsi | 2nd plur. | olette loitsineet | ette ole loitsineet | |
| 3rd plur. | loitsivat | eivät loitsi | 3rd plur. | ovat loitsineet | eivät ole loitsineet | |
| passive | loitsitaan | ei loitsita | passive | on loitsittu | ei ole loitsittu | |
| past tense | pluperfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | loitsin | en loitsinut | 1st sing. | olin loitsinut | en ollut loitsinut | |
| 2nd sing. | loitsit | et loitsinut | 2nd sing. | olit loitsinut | et ollut loitsinut | |
| 3rd sing. | loitsi | ei loitsinut | 3rd sing. | oli loitsinut | ei ollut loitsinut | |
| 1st plur. | loitsimme | emme loitsineet | 1st plur. | olimme loitsineet | emme olleet loitsineet | |
| 2nd plur. | loitsitte | ette loitsineet | 2nd plur. | olitte loitsineet | ette olleet loitsineet | |
| 3rd plur. | loitsivat | eivät loitsineet | 3rd plur. | olivat loitsineet | eivät olleet loitsineet | |
| passive | loitsittiin | ei loitsittu | passive | oli loitsittu | ei ollut loitsittu | |
| conditional mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | loitsisin | en loitsisi | 1st sing. | olisin loitsinut | en olisi loitsinut | |
| 2nd sing. | loitsisit | et loitsisi | 2nd sing. | olisit loitsinut | et olisi loitsinut | |
| 3rd sing. | loitsisi | ei loitsisi | 3rd sing. | olisi loitsinut | ei olisi loitsinut | |
| 1st plur. | loitsisimme | emme loitsisi | 1st plur. | olisimme loitsineet | emme olisi loitsineet | |
| 2nd plur. | loitsisitte | ette loitsisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte loitsineet | ette olisi loitsineet | |
| 3rd plur. | loitsisivat | eivät loitsisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat loitsineet | eivät olisi loitsineet | |
| passive | loitsittaisiin | ei loitsittaisi | passive | olisi loitsittu | ei olisi loitsittu | |
| imperative mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | loitsi | älä loitsi | 2nd sing. | ole loitsinut | älä ole loitsinut | |
| 3rd sing. | loitsikoon | älköön loitsiko | 3rd sing. | olkoon loitsinut | älköön olko loitsinut | |
| 1st plur. | loitsikaamme | älkäämme loitsiko | 1st plur. | olkaamme loitsineet | älkäämme olko loitsineet | |
| 2nd plur. | loitsikaa | älkää loitsiko | 2nd plur. | olkaa loitsineet | älkää olko loitsineet | |
| 3rd plur. | loitsikoot | älkööt loitsiko | 3rd plur. | olkoot loitsineet | älkööt olko loitsineet | |
| passive | loitsittakoon | älköön loitsittako | passive | olkoon loitsittu | älköön olko loitsittu | |
| potential mood | ||||||
| present | perfect | |||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
| 1st sing. | loitsinen | en loitsine | 1st sing. | lienen loitsinut | en liene loitsinut | |
| 2nd sing. | loitsinet | et loitsine | 2nd sing. | lienet loitsinut | et liene loitsinut | |
| 3rd sing. | loitsinee | ei loitsine | 3rd sing. | lienee loitsinut | ei liene loitsinut | |
| 1st plur. | loitsinemme | emme loitsine | 1st plur. | lienemme loitsineet | emme liene loitsineet | |
| 2nd plur. | loitsinette | ette loitsine | 2nd plur. | lienette loitsineet | ette liene loitsineet | |
| 3rd plur. | loitsinevat | eivät loitsine | 3rd plur. | lienevät loitsineet | eivät liene loitsineet | |
| passive | loitsittaneen | ei loitsittane | passive | lienee loitsittu | ei liene loitsittu | |
| Nominal forms | ||||||
| infinitives | participles | |||||
| active | passive | active | passive | |||
| 1st | loitsia | present | loitsiva | loitsittava | ||
| long 1st2 | loitsiakseen | past | loitsinut | loitsittu | ||
| 2nd | inessive1 | loitsiessa | loitsittaessa | agent1, 3 | loitsima | |
| instructive | loitsien | — | negative | loitsimaton | ||
| 3rd | inessive | loitsimassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
| elative | loitsimasta | — | ||||
| illative | loitsimaan | — | ||||
| adessive | loitsimalla | — | ||||
| abessive | loitsimatta | — | ||||
| instructive | loitsiman | loitsittaman | ||||
| 4th | nominative | loitsiminen | ||||
| partitive | loitsimista | |||||
| 5th2 | loitsimaisillaan | |||||
Synonyms
Derived terms
- loitsinta
- loitsu
References
- Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004-2005). Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja. Juva: WSOY. →ISBN.
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