moch

See also: mốch and moc'h

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish moch (“early”).

Pronunciation

Adjective

moch (genitive singular masculine moch, genitive singular feminine moiche, plural mocha, comparative moiche)

  1. early
    Synonym: luath

Declension
Declension of moch
Singular Plural (m/f)
Positive Masculine Feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
Nominative moch mhoch mocha;
mhocha²
Vocative mhoch mocha
Genitive moiche mocha moch
Dative moch;
mhoch¹		 mhoch mocha;
mhocha²
Comparative níos moiche
Superlative is moiche

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms
  • dea-mhoch (“good and early”)
  • mochánach m (“early riser”)
  • mochdháil f (“early morning”)
  • mochdhúnadh m (“early closing”)

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
moch mhoch not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  • "moch" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
  • “moch” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
  • Entries containing “moch” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
  • Entries containing “moch” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *moḱs, whence also Sanskrit मक्षू (makṣū, “fast; early”), Avestan 𐬨𐬊𐬱𐬎‎ (mošu, “soon, quickly”), Latin mox (“soon”)

Adjective

moch

  1. early

Descendants

Adverb

moch

  1. early, betimes

Mutation
Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
moch
also mmoch after a proclitic		 moch
pronounced with /ṽ(ʲ)-/		 moch
also mmoch after a proclitic
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  • “moch” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

Polish

Etymology

From truncation of moskal +‎ -ch.[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /mɔx/

Noun

moch m pers

  1. (slang) a Russian person

Declension
declension of moch
singular plural
nominative moch mochy
genitive mocha mochów
dative mochowi mochom
accusative mocha mochów
instrumental mochem mochami
locative mochu mochach
vocative mochu mochy

References
  1. Stankiewicz, Edward (1986) The Slavic Languages: Unity in Diversity‎, page 263

Further reading
  • moch in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish moch (“early; betimes”).

Adjective

moch

  1. early

Derived terms

Adverb

moch

  1. early, betimes, soon

Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation
RadicalLenition
mochmhoch
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  • Faclair Gàidhlig Dwelly Air Loidhne, Dwelly, Edward (1911), Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic-English Dictionary (10th ed.), Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • “moch” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *mox, from Proto-Celtic *mokkus.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /moːχ/

Noun

moch m pl (singulative mochyn)

  1. pigs, swine, hogs
    1. (figuratively) greedy, dirty, lazy, drunk, or immoral persons
  2. (mining) small pumps used underground in coal mines to remove water
  3. crushers (in quarrying)
  4. ridging-ploughs
  5. segments (of orange, etc.)

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
moch foch unchanged unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  • Angharad Fychan and Ann Parry Owen, editors (2014), “moch”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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