senex

From Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“old”). Cognates include Lithuanian senis (“old man”), Ancient Greek ἕνος (hénos), Irish sean, Welsh hen, Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀‎ (hana, “old”), Sanskrit सन (sána) and Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (sineigs).

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈse.neks/, [ˈsɛ.nɛks]

• Audio (Classical)

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senex (genitive senis); third declension

1. (usually of a person) old, aged
   • 405, Jerome and others, Vulgate, Samuelis I 2:22

     Heli autem erat senex valde et audivit omnia quae faciebant filii sui universo Israheli

     Now Eli was very old, and heard all that his sons did unto all Israel;

Third declension.

• comparative: senior, superlative: senissimus

• (old): grandaevus, senectus, vetulus, vetus

• (old): iuvenis

• antīquus

senex m or f (genitive senis); third declension

1. old person, old man
   • 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations (Latin text and English translations here); speech 2, section 5

     […] magno opere contemno, conlectum ex senibus desperatis, ex agresti luxuria, ex rusticis decoctoribus, ex eis qui vadimonia deserere quam illum exercitum maluerunt;

     […] I thoroughly despise that army composed of desperate old men, of clownish profligates, and uneducated spendthrifts; of those who have preferred to desert their bail rather than that army

   • 405, Jerome and others, Vulgate, Ioel 2:28

     et erit post haec effundam spiritum meum super omnem carnem et prophetabunt filii vestri et filiae vestrae senes vestri somnia somniabunt et iuvenes vestri visiones videbunt

     And it shall come to pass afterward, that I will pour out my spirit upon all flesh; and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, your old men shall dream dreams, your young men shall see visions:

Third declension.

• (old man): seneciō, veglō (Mediaeval)

• (old person): iuvenis

• Old French: sené
• Italian: sene
• Spanish: sene

• senex in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• senex in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• senex in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• senex in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • still quote a young (old) man: admodum adulescens, senex