severus
Latin
Etymology
According to De Vaan, from Proto-Italic *seɣwēros, from a collective derivation of the noun Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰwr̥, from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to hold”).[1]
Other etymologists, such as Meiser, posit this word to be from se- + verus, but De Vaan notes a heavy semantic mismatch.[1]
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /seˈweː.rus/, [sɛˈweː.rʊs]
Inflection
First/second declension.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | sevērus | sevēra | sevērum | sevērī | sevērae | sevēra | |
Genitive | sevērī | sevērae | sevērī | sevērōrum | sevērārum | sevērōrum | |
Dative | sevērō | sevērae | sevērō | sevērīs | sevērīs | sevērīs | |
Accusative | sevērum | sevēram | sevērum | sevērōs | sevērās | sevēra | |
Ablative | sevērō | sevērā | sevērō | sevērīs | sevērīs | sevērīs | |
Vocative | sevēre | sevēra | sevērum | sevērī | sevērae | sevēra |
Derived terms
References
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 560
Further reading
- severus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- severus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- severus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to be brought up under strict discipline: severa disciplina contineri
- a stern critic of morals: severus morum castigator
- to be a strict disciplinarian in one's household: severum imperium in suis exercere, tenere (De Sen. 11. 37)
- to be brought up under strict discipline: severa disciplina contineri
- severus in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- severus in William Smith, editor (1848) A Dictionary of Greek Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
- severe in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
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