sigma

See also: Sigma

English
Ancient Greek Alphabet
←
rho
 →
tau
Σ σ
Ancient Greek: σίγμα
Wikipedia article on sigma

Etymology

From Ancient Greek σῖγμα (sîgma), σίγμα (sígma), probably from the root sig- as seen in σίζω (sízō) (< sig-yo "to hiss") + -μα (-ma). [1][2]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈsɪɡmə/
  • Audio (US)(file)

Noun

sigma (plural sigmas)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the Classical and Modern Greek, the twentieth letter of Old and Ancient.
    • "Herodotus: On The Customs of the Persians", I.139:
      • Their names, which are expressive of some bodily or mental excellence, all end with the same letter---the letter which is called San by the Dorians, and Sigma by the Ionians.
  2. (mathematics) The symbol Σ, used to indicate summation of a set or series.
  3. (statistics) The symbol σ, used to indicate one standard deviation from the mean, particularly in a normal distribution.
    • 2011, Paul Rincon, (bbc.co.uk) LHC: Higgs boson 'may have been glimpsed'
      None of the spikes seen by the experiments is at much more than the "two sigma" level of certainty.
      A level of "five sigma" is required to claim a discovery, meaning there is less than a one in a million chance the data spike is down to a statistical fluke.

Derived terms
  • sigma darner (Austroaeschna sigma)
  • sigmalike
  • within one sigma: the range from the mean, plus or minus one standard deviation, usually covering 68% of the data points in a normal distribution

Translations

References
  1. Woodard, Roger D. (2006). "Alphabet". In Wilson, Nigel Guy. Encyclopedia of ancient Greece. London: Routldedge. p. 38.
  2. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1328

Anagrams

Catalan

Pronunciation

Noun

sigma f (plural sigmes)

  1. Sigma; the Greek letter Σ (lowercase σ or ς).

Czech

Noun

sigma n

  1. sigma

Finnish

Etymology

< Ancient Greek σίγμα (sígma)

Greek letter
Σσ Previous: rhoo
Next: tau

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈsiɡmɑ/, [ˈs̠iɡmɑ]
  • Hyphenation: sig‧ma

Noun

sigma

  1. sigma (Greek letter)

Declension
Inflection of sigma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative sigma sigmat
genitive sigman sigmojen
partitive sigmaa sigmoja
illative sigmaan sigmoihin
singular plural
nominative sigma sigmat
accusative nom. sigma sigmat
gen. sigman
genitive sigman sigmojen
sigmainrare
partitive sigmaa sigmoja
inessive sigmassa sigmoissa
elative sigmasta sigmoista
illative sigmaan sigmoihin
adessive sigmalla sigmoilla
ablative sigmalta sigmoilta
allative sigmalle sigmoille
essive sigmana sigmoina
translative sigmaksi sigmoiksi
instructive — sigmoin
abessive sigmatta sigmoitta
comitative — sigmoineen

French

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /siɡ.ma/

Noun

sigma m (plural sigma)

  1. sigma (Greek letter)

Further reading

Italian

Etymology

From Ancient Greek σῖγμα (sîgma), σίγμα (sígma).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈsiɡ.ma/, [ˈs̪iɡmä]
  • Hyphenation: sìg‧ma

Noun

sigma m or f (invariable)

  1. sigma, specifically:
    1. The name of the Greek-script letter Σ/σ, ς
    2. (mathematics) The symbol Σ, used to indicate summation of a set or series.
    3. (statistics) The symbol σ, used to indicate one standard deviation from the mean, particularly in a normal distribution.

Derived terms

Noun

sigma m (invariable)

  1. (anatomy) sigmoid colon

Anagrams

Portuguese

Noun

sigma m (plural sigmas)

  1. sigma (name of the Greek letter Σ, σ)

Spanish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈsiɡma/, [ˈsiɣma]

Noun

sigma f (plural sigmas)

  1. sigma; the Greek letter Σ, σ
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