tunza

Swahili

Verb

-tunza (infinitive kutunza)

to take care of, guard, observe, mind

Conjugation

Conjugation of -tunza

Non-finite forms

Form

Positive

Negative

Infinitive

kutunza

kutotunza

Simple finite forms

Positive form

Singular

Plural

Imperative

tunza

tunzeni

Habitual

hutunza

Complex finite forms

Polarity

Persons

Persons / Classes

Classes

1st

2nd

3rd / M-wa

M-mi

Ma

Ki-vi

N

U

Ku

Pa

Mu

Sg.

Pl.

Sg.

Pl.

Sg. / 1

Pl. / 2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11 / 14

15 / 17

16

18

Past
Positive	nilitunza nalitunza	tulitunza twalitunza	ulitunza walitunza	mlitunza mwalitunza	alitunza	walitunza	ulitunza	ilitunza	lilitunza	yalitunza	kilitunza	vilitunza	ilitunza	zilitunza	ulitunza	kulitunza	palitunza	mulitunza
Relative	niliotunza naliotunza	tuliotunza twaliotunza	uliotunza waliotunza	mliotunza mwaliotunza	aliotunza	waliotunza	uliotunza	iliotunza	liliotunza	yaliotunza	kiliotunza	viliotunza	iliotunza	ziliotunza	uliotunza	kuliotunza	paliotunza	muliotunza
Negative	sikutunza	hatukutunza	hukutunza	hamkutunza	hakutunza	hawakutunza	haukutunza	haikutunza	halikutunza	hayakutunza	hakikutunza	havikutunza	haikutunza	hazikutunza	haukutunza	hakukutunza	hapakutunza	hamukutunza

Present
Positive	ninatunza natunza	tunatunza	unatunza	mnatunza	anatunza	wanatunza	unatunza	inatunza	linatunza	yanatunza	kinatunza	vinatunza	inatunza	zinatunza	unatunza	kunatunza	panatunza	munatunza
Relative	ninaotunza naotunza	tunaotunza	unaotunza	mnaotunza	anaotunza	wanaotunza	unaotunza	inaotunza	linaotunza	yanaotunza	kinaotunza	vinaotunza	inaotunza	zinaotunza	unaotunza	kunaotunza	panaotunza	munaotunza
Negative	situnzi	hatutunzi	hutunzi	hamtunzi	hatunzi	hawatunzi	hautunzi	haitunzi	halitunzi	hayatunzi	hakitunzi	havitunzi	haitunzi	hazitunzi	hautunzi	hakutunzi	hapatunzi	hamutunzi

Future
Positive	nitatunza	tutatunza	utatunza	mtatunza	atatunza	watatunza	utatunza	itatunza	litatunza	yatatunza	kitatunza	vitatunza	itatunza	zitatunza	utatunza	kutatunza	patatunza	mutatunza
Relative	nitakaotunza	tutakaotunza	utakaotunza	mtakaotunza	atakaotunza	watakaotunza	utakaotunza	itakaotunza	litakaotunza	yatakaotunza	kitakaotunza	vitakaotunza	itakaotunza	zitakaotunza	utakaotunza	kutakaotunza	patakaotunza	mutakaotunza
Negative	sitatunza	hatutatunza	hutatunza	hamtatunza	hatatunza	hawatatunza	hautatunza	haitatunza	halitatunza	hayatatunza	hakitatunza	havitatunza	haitatunza	hazitatunza	hautatunza	hakutatunza	hapatatunza	hamutatunza

Subjunctive
Positive	nitunze	tutunze	utunze	mtunze	atunze	watunze	utunze	itunze	litunze	yatunze	kitunze	vitunze	itunze	zitunze	utunze	kutunze	patunze	mutunze
Negative	nisitunze	tusitunze	usitunze	msitunze	asitunze	wasitunze	usitunze	isitunze	lisitunze	yasitunze	kisitunze	visitunze	isitunze	zisitunze	usitunze	kusitunze	pasitunze	musitunze

Present Conditional
Positive	ningetunza	tungetunza	ungetunza	mngetunza	angetunza	wangetunza	ungetunza	ingetunza	lingetunza	yangetunza	kingetunza	vingetunza	ingetunza	zingetunza	ungetunza	kungetunza	pangetunza	mungetunza
Negative	nisingetunza singetunza	tusingetunza hatungetunza	usingetunza hungetunza	msingetunza hamngetunza	asingetunza hangetunza	wasingetunza hawangetunza	usingetunza haungetunza	isingetunza haingetunza	lisingetunza halingetunza	yasingetunza hayangetunza	kisingetunza hakingetunza	visingetunza havingetunza	isingetunza haingetunza	zisingetunza hazingetunza	usingetunza haungetunza	kusingetunza hakungetunza	pasingetunza hapangetunza	musingetunza hamungetunza

Past Conditional
Positive	ningalitunza	tungalitunza	ungalitunza	mngalitunza	angalitunza	wangalitunza	ungalitunza	ingalitunza	lingalitunza	yangalitunza	kingalitunza	vingalitunza	ingalitunza	zingalitunza	ungalitunza	kungalitunza	pangalitunza	mungalitunza
Negative	nisingalitunza singalitunza	tusingalitunza hatungalitunza	usingalitunza hungalitunza	msingalitunza hamngalitunza	asingalitunza hangalitunza	wasingalitunza hawangalitunza	usingalitunza haungalitunza	isingalitunza haingalitunza	lisingalitunza halingalitunza	yasingalitunza hayangalitunza	kisingalitunza hakingalitunza	visingalitunza havingalitunza	isingalitunza haingalitunza	zisingalitunza hazingalitunza	usingalitunza haungalitunza	kusingalitunza hakungalitunza	pasingalitunza hapangalitunza	musingalitunza hamungalitunza

Conditional Contrary to Fact
Positive	ningelitunza	tungelitunza	ungelitunza	mngelitunza	angelitunza	wangelitunza	ungelitunza	ingelitunza	lingelitunza	yangelitunza	kingelitunza	vingelitunza	ingelitunza	zingelitunza	ungelitunza	kungelitunza	pangelitunza	mungelitunza

General Relative
Positive	nitunzao	tutunzao	utunzao	mtunzao	atunzao	watunzao	utunzao	itunzao	litunzao	yatunzao	kitunzao	vitunzao	itunzao	zitunzao	utunzao	kutunzao	patunzao	mutunzao
Negative	nisiotunza	tusiotunza	usiotunza	msiotunza	asiotunza	wasiotunza	usiotunza	isiotunza	lisiotunza	yasiotunza	kisiotunza	visiotunza	isiotunza	zisiotunza	usiotunza	kusiotunza	pasiotunza	musiotunza

Gnomic
Positive	natunza	twatunza	watunza	mwatunza	atunza	watunza	watunza	yatunza	latunza	yatunza	chatunza	vyatunza	yatunza	zatunza	watunza	kwatunza	patunza	mwatunza

Perfect
Positive	nimetunza	tumetunza	umetunza	mmetunza	ametunza	wametunza	umetunza	imetunza	limetunza	yametunza	kimetunza	vimetunza	imetunza	zimetunza	umetunza	kumetunza	pametunza	mumetunza

"Already"
Positive	nimeshatunza	tumeshatunza	umeshatunza	mmeshatunza	ameshatunza	wameshatunza	umeshatunza	imeshatunza	limeshatunza	yameshatunza	kimeshatunza	vimeshatunza	imeshatunza	zimeshatunza	umeshatunza	kumeshatunza	pameshatunza	mumeshatunza

"Not yet"
Negative	sijatunza	hatujatunza	hujatunza	hamjatunza	hajatunza	hawajatunza	haujatunza	haijatunza	halijatunza	hayajatunza	hakijatunza	havijatunza	haijatunza	hazijatunza	haujatunza	hakujatunza	hapajatunza	hamujatunza

"If/When"
Positive	nikitunza	tukitunza	ukitunza	mkitunza	akitunza	wakitunza	ukitunza	ikitunza	likitunza	yakitunza	kikitunza	vikitunza	ikitunza	zikitunza	ukitunza	kukitunza	pakitunza	mukitunza

"If not"
Negative	nisipotunza	tusipotunza	usipotunza	msipotunza	asipotunza	wasipotunza	usipotunza	isipotunza	lisipotunza	yasipotunza	kisipotunza	visipotunza	isipotunza	zisipotunza	usipotunza	kusipotunza	pasipotunza	musipotunza

Consecutive
Positive	nikatunza	tukatunza	ukatunza	mkatunza	akatunza	wakatunza	ukatunza	ikatunza	likatunza	yakatunza	kikatunza	vikatunza	ikatunza	zikatunza	ukatunza	kukatunza	pakatunza	mukatunza

Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

Verbal derivations:
- Applicative: -tunzia
- Causative: -tunzisha
- Passive: -tunzwa
- Reciprocal: -tunzana
- Stative: -tunzika

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