tutoyer
English
Verb
tutoyer (third-person singular simple present tutoyers, present participle tutoyering, simple past and past participle tutoyered)
- (transitive) To address (someone) in French using the familiar second-person pronoun tu; to thou.
- 1862, The Edinburgh Review: Or Critical Journal (volume 115, page 132)
- As I had begged Goethe to tutoyer me, he sent me a message to say, I must really remain more than the two days I had named, otherwise he should never get into the way of doing so.
- William Stamer, Recollections of a Life of Adventure
- […] Corporal Cornichon, walking straight up to the bar, "tutoyering" me all the time in the most horridly familiar manner, clapped me on the back, and asked me to take a glass of cognac with him.
- 1862, The Edinburgh Review: Or Critical Journal (volume 115, page 132)
Synonyms
Translations
French
Etymology
From tu + -oyer with euphonic t; compare the Icelandic þúa, German duzen and English thou. Cognate with Spanish tutear.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ty.twa.je/
audio (file)
Verb
tutoyer
Conjugation
This verb is part of a large group of -er verbs that conjugate like noyer or ennuyer. These verbs always replace the ‘y’ with an ‘i’ before a silent ‘e’.
Conjugation of tutoyer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
present participle | tutoyant /ty.twa.jɑ̃/ | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
past participle | tutoyé /ty.twa.je/ | ||||||
infinitive | |||||||
simple | tutoyer | ||||||
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
gerund1 | |||||||
simple | tutoyant /ty.twa.jɑ̃/ | ||||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | tutoie /ty.twa/ |
tutoies /ty.twa/ |
tutoie /ty.twa/ |
tutoyons /ty.twa.jɔ̃/ |
tutoyez /ty.twa.je/ |
tutoient /ty.twa/ |
imperfect | tutoyais /ty.twa.jɛ/ |
tutoyais /ty.twa.jɛ/ |
tutoyait /ty.twa.jɛ/ |
tutoyions /ty.twaj.jɔ̃/ |
tutoyiez /ty.twaj.je/ |
tutoyaient /ty.twa.jɛ/ | |
past historic2 | tutoyai /ty.twa.je/ |
tutoyas /ty.twa.ja/ |
tutoya /ty.twa.ja/ |
tutoyâmes /ty.twa.jam/ |
tutoyâtes /ty.twa.jat/ |
tutoyèrent /ty.twa.jɛʁ/ | |
future | tutoierai /ty.twa.ʁe/ |
tutoieras /ty.twa.ʁa/ |
tutoiera /ty.twa.ʁa/ |
tutoierons /ty.twa.ʁɔ̃/ |
tutoierez /ty.twa.ʁe/ |
tutoieront /ty.twa.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | tutoierais /ty.twa.ʁɛ/ |
tutoierais /ty.twa.ʁɛ/ |
tutoierait /ty.twa.ʁɛ/ |
tutoierions /ty.twa.ʁjɔ̃/ |
tutoieriez /ty.twa.ʁje/ |
tutoieraient /ty.twa.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | tutoie /ty.twa/ |
tutoies /ty.twa/ |
tutoie /ty.twa/ |
tutoyions /ty.twaj.jɔ̃/ |
tutoyiez /ty.twaj.je/ |
tutoient /ty.twa/ |
imperfect2 | tutoyasse /ty.twa.jas/ |
tutoyasses /ty.twa.jas/ |
tutoyât /ty.twa.ja/ |
tutoyassions /ty.twa.ja.sjɔ̃/ |
tutoyassiez /ty.twa.ja.sje/ |
tutoyassent /ty.twa.jas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | tutoie /ty.twa/ |
— | tutoyons /ty.twa.jɔ̃/ |
tutoyez /ty.twa.je/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
See also
Further reading
- “tutoyer” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
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