valvama
Estonian
Etymology
Of Finnic origin. Cognate to Finnish valvoa (“to stay awake”) and Votic valvaa, valvoa (“to guard”). See also valama (“to pour”).
Conjugation
Inflection of valvama (ÕS type 29/hüppama, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | valvan | ei valva | 1st sing. | olen valvanud | ei ole valvanud pole valvanud |
| 2nd sing. | valvad | 2nd sing. | oled valvanud | ||
| 3rd sing. | valvab | 3rd sing. | on valvanud | ||
| 1st plur. | valvame | 1st plur. | oleme valvanud | ||
| 2nd plur. | valvate | 2nd plur. | olete valvanud | ||
| 3rd plur. | valvavad | 3rd plur. | on valvanud | ||
| passive | valvatakse | ei valvata | passive | on valvatud | ei ole valvatud pole valvatud |
| past | pluperfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | valvasin | ei valvanud | 1st sing. | olin valvanud | ei olnud valvanud polnud valvanud |
| 2nd sing. | valvasid | 2nd sing. | olid valvanud | ||
| 3rd sing. | valvas | 3rd sing. | oli valvanud | ||
| 1st plur. | valvasime | 1st plur. | olime valvanud | ||
| 2nd plur. | valvasite | 2nd plur. | olite valvanud | ||
| 3rd plur. | valvasid | 3rd plur. | oli valvanud | ||
| passive | valvati | ei valvatud | passive | oli valvatud | ei olnud valvatud polnud valvatud |
| conditional | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | valvaksin | ei valvaks | 1st sing. | oleksin valvanud | ei oleks valvanud poleks valvanud |
| 2nd sing. | valvaksid | 2nd sing. | oleksid valvanud | ||
| 3rd sing. | valvaks | 3rd sing. | oleks valvanud | ||
| 1st plur. | valvaksime | 1st plur. | oleksime valvanud | ||
| 2nd plur. | valvaksite | 2nd plur. | oleksite valvanud | ||
| 3rd plur. | valvaksid | 3rd plur. | oleksid valvanud | ||
| passive | valvataks | ei valvataks | passive | oleks valvatud | ei oleks valvatud poleks valvatud |
| imperative | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — |
| 2nd sing. | valva | ära valva | 2nd sing. | — | — |
| 3rd sing. | valvaku | ärgu valvaku | 3rd sing. | olgu valvanud | ärgu olgu valvanud |
| 1st plur. | valvakem | ärgem valvakem | 1st plur. | — | — |
| 2nd plur. | valvake | ärge valvake | 2nd plur. | — | — |
| 3rd plur. | valvaku | ärgu valvaku | 3rd plur. | olgu valvanud | ärgu olgu valvanud |
| passive | valvatagu | ärgu valvatagu | passive | olgu valvatud | ärgu olgu valvatud |
| quotative | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| active | valvavat | ei valvavat | active | olevat valvanud | ei olevat valvanud polevat valvanud |
| passive | valvatavat | ei valvatavat | passive | olevat valvatud | ei olevat valvatud polevat valvatud |
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ma-infinitive | da-infinitive | ||||||||
| active | passive | da-form | valvata | ||||||
| nominative | valvama | valvatama | des-form | valvates | |||||
| inessive | valvamas | — | participle | ||||||
| elative | valvamast | — | active | passive | |||||
| translative | valvamaks | — | present | valvav | valvatav | ||||
| abessive | valvamata | — | past | valvanud | valvatud | ||||
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