wite
English
Pronunciation
- enPR: wīt, IPA(key): /waɪt/
- Rhymes: -aɪt
- Homophone: wight; (in accents with the wine-whine merger) white
Etymology 1
From Middle English wīten (“to accuse, reproach, punish, suspect”), Old English wītan (“to look, behold, see, guard, keep, impute or ascribe to, accuse, reproach, blame”), from Proto-Germanic *wītaną. Connected to Old English wīte, see below.
Alternative forms
Verb
wite (third-person singular simple present wites, present participle witing, simple past and past participle wited)
- (chiefly Scotland) To blame; regard as guilty, fault, accuse
- Late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, ‘The Wife of Bath's Tale’, Canterbury Tales:
- As help me God, I shal þee nevere smyte! / Þat I have doon, it is þyself to wyte.
- ‘The Miller's Prologue’, Canterbury Tales:
- And therfore if that I mysspeke or seye, Wyte it the ale of Southwerk, I you preye.
- Late 14th century, Geoffrey Chaucer, ‘The Wife of Bath's Tale’, Canterbury Tales:
- To reproach, censure, mulct
- To observe, keep, guard, preserve, protect
Etymology 2
From Middle English wite (“guilt, blameworthiness, blame, wrongdoing, misdeed, offense, punishment, retribution, fine, bote, customary rent”), from Old English wīte (“punishment, pain, torment”), from Proto-Germanic *wītiją, from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to see, find, behold”).
Noun
wite (plural wites)
- (obsolete outside Scotland) Blame, responsibility, guilt.
- 1485 July 31, Thomas Malory, “Capitulum XXVII”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book I, [London]: […] [by William Caxton], OCLC 71490786; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: Published by David Nutt, […], 1889, OCLC 890162034, page 027::
- And so by fortune the ship drave unto a castle, and was all to-riven, and destroyed the most part […]. So many lords and barons of this realm were displeased, for their children were so lost, and many put the wite on Merlin more than on Arthur; so what for dread and for love, they held their peace.
- • 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, chapter xxiij, in Le Morte Darthur, book I:
- And so by fortune the shyp drofe vnto a castel and was al to ryuen and destroyed the most part […]/ So many lordes and barons of this reame were displeasyd / for her children were so lost / and many put the wyte on Merlyn more than on Arthur / so what for drede and for loue they helde their pees
- 1922, E. R. Eddison, The Worm Ouroboros, The Project Gutenberg, Australia:
- Nor I will not suffer mine indignation so to witwanton with fair justice as persuade me to put the wite on Witchland.
-
- Punishment, penalty, fine, bote, mulct.
Etymology 3
From Middle English witen, from Old English wītan (“to see, accuse, go, depart”), from Proto-Germanic *wītaną, from Proto-Indo-European *weyd- (“to see, find, behold”).
Verb
wite (third-person singular simple present wites, present participle witing, simple past and past participle wited)
References
- Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
Old English
Alternative forms
- ƿite
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *wītiją (“punishment”). Cognate with Old Frisian wīte, Old Saxon wīti, Dutch wijte, Old High German wīzi, Old Norse víti.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈwiːte/
Noun
wīte n (nominative plural wītu)
- punishment, torment, torture
- Hé ƿíte ƿealdeþ. — He is the disposer of punishment. (He wields punishment.)
- plague, disease, evil, injury, pain
- Of ðam ƿíte gehǽled; — Healed of the disease.
- penalty, fine, bote: contribution, in money or food, to sustenance of king or his officers
- woe, misery, distress
Declension
Derived terms
- ānwīte n. — single fine
- bisceopwīte n. — fine payable to a bishop, a bishop's fee for visiting
- blōdwīte n. — blood-offering
- dolwīte n. — punishment for audacity, temerity or fool-hardiness
- edwītan, edwītian — to reproach edwite
- edwīt n. — reproach, shame, disgrace, scorn, abuse edwit
- edwītful — disgraceful
- edwītfullic — disgraceful
- edwītfullīce adv — disgracefully
- edwītlīf n. — life of dishonor
- edwītscipe m. — disgrace, shame
- edwītspreca m. — scoffer
- edwītsprǣc f. — scorn
- edwītstæf m. — reproach, disgrace
- feohtwīte n. — penalty for fighting
- feohwite n. — fine for coining false money
- fyrdwīte n. — fine for evading military service
- gafolhwītel m. — tribute-blanket, a legal tender instead of coin for the rent of a hide of land
- gyltwīte, gyldwīte n. — fine for unpaid tax
- gyrdwīte n. — affliction caused by a rod (used of Moses' rod)
- hangwīte n. — penally for miscarriage of justice hangwite
- hellewītebrōga m. — horror of hell-torment
- hellewīte n. — hell-pains, torment
- hengwīte n. — fine for not detaining an offender
- legerwīte fm. — fine for unlawful cohabitation lairwite
- nēadwīte n. — inevitable punishment
- orwīge, orwīte — not fighting, unwarlike, cowardly: not liable to the legal consequences (of homicide)
- scyldwīte n. fine for a crime of violence
- sorgwīte n. — grievous torment
- unwītnigendlīce — without punishment, with impunity
- unwītnod — unpunished
- unwītnung f. — impunity
- weardwīte n. — penalty for not keeping guard
- wītebend mf. — bonds of torture or punishment.
- wītebrōga m. — tormenting dread.
- wītefæst — penally enslaved
- wītehrægl n. – penitential garb, sackcloth
- wītehūs n. — torture-house, prison, hell: amphitheatre (as place of torture and martyrdom)
- wītelāc n. — punishment.
- wītelēast f. — freedom from punishment or fine
- wītelēas — without punishment or fine
- wītern n. — prison
- wīterǣden f. — punishment, fine
- wītescræf n. – pit of torment, hell
- wītesteng m. — pole used for torture
- wītestōw f. — place of torment or execution.
- wīteswing m. — scourging, punishment.
- wītetōl n. — instrument of torture.
- wīteþēow adj. — man reduced to slavery by the law
- wītiglic — punitive, of punishment
- wītingstōw, wītnungstōw f. — place of punishment, purgatory
- witnian — to punish, chastise, torture, afflict
- wītnigend m. — punitor, punisher
- wītnung f. torment, torture, punishment, purgatory
- ætwītan — to reproach (with), censure, taunt atwite
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈvʲi.tɛ/
Participle
wite
- inflection of wity:
- neuter nominative singular
- neuter accusative singular
- neuter vocative singular
- nonvirile nominative plural
- nonvirile accusative plural
- nonvirile vocative plural
Scots
West Frisian
Inflection
Strong class 1 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | wite | |||
3rd singular past | wiet | |||
past participle | witen | |||
infinitive | wite | |||
long infinitive | witen | |||
gerund | witen n | |||
indicative | present tense | past tense | ||
1st singular | wyt | wiet | ||
2nd singular | wytst | wietst | ||
3rd singular | wyt | wiet | ||
plural | wite | wieten | ||
imperative | wyt | |||
participles | witend | witen |