English Restoration

Examples of English Restoration in the following topics:

• The Massachusetts Bay Colony

  • The Massachusetts Bay Colony was an English settlement on the east coast of North America in the 17th century, situated around the present-day cities of Salem and Boston.
  • Ongoing political difficulties with England after the English Restoration led to the revocation of the colonial charter in 1684 and the brief establishment by King James II of the Dominion of New England in 1686 to bring all of the New England colonies under firmer crown control.
  • The Pequot War was the first war between American Indians and English settlers in northeastern America and foreshadowed European domination.
  • English troops burned the village and killed the estimated 400–700 Pequot inside, massacring all but a handful of the men, women, and children they found.
  • The English, supported by Uncas's Mohegan, pursued the remaining Pequot resistors until all were either killed or captured and enslaved.

• The Dominion of New England

  • Following the English Restoration in 1660, King Charles II sought to streamline the administration of the colonial territories and began a process that brought a number of the colonies under direct crown control.
  • With the birth of his son and potential successor James III in June 1688, factions of English conspired with the Dutch prince to replace James with his Protestant son-in-law, William of Orange.
  • After the Glorious Revolution and the ascent of William and Mary, the Massachusetts agents then petitioned the new monarchs and the Lords of Trade (who oversaw colonial affairs) for restoration of the Massachusetts charter.
  • When the other New England colonies in the Dominion were informed of the overthrow of Andros, pre-Dominion colonial authorities moved to restore their former governments to power.
  • As a result, the restored governments lacked legal foundations for their existence.

• Colonies in Crisis

  • Royal authority was not restored until 1691, when English troops and a new governor were sent to New York.

• Maryland

  • Maryland was established in 1632 as a haven for English Roman Catholics in the New World.
  • The province began as a proprietary colony of the English Lord Baltimore and as a haven for English Roman Catholics in the New World.
  • From 1644 to 1646, the "Plundering Time" was a period of civil unrest caused by the tensions of the English Civil War (1641–1651).
  • In 1654, after the Third English Civil War (1649–1651), Puritan rebels briefly seized control of the province.
  • Full religious toleration would not be restored in Maryland until the American Revolution.

• Rhode Island

  • Rhode Island was formed as an English colony by Roger Williams and others fleeing prosecution from Puritans.
  • Although many people assume Puritans escaped England to establish religious freedom, they proved to be just as intolerant as the English state church.
  • They sought recognition together as an English colony in 1643 in response to threats to their independence.
  • Following the 1660 restoration of royal rule in England, Rhode Island sought a Royal Charter from the new king, Charles II.
  • The dominion was extremely unpopular, and after the 1688 Glorious Revolution deposed James and brought William and Mary to the English throne, the dominion collapsed, and Rhode Island resumed its previous government.

• The Founding of Carolina

  • The Province of Carolina, originally chartered in 1629, was an English and later British colony of North America.
  • A group of eight men were rewarded for their faithful support of Charles II following the 1660 restoration of the monarchy of Britain with the charter to a colony in the new world .

• Latino Rights

  • Proudly reclaiming and adopting a derogatory term as a symbol of self-determination and ethnic pride, Chicano activists demanded increased political power for Mexican Americans, education that recognized their cultural heritage, and the restoration of lands taken from them at the end of the Mexican-American War in 1848.
  • The Chicano Movement encompassed many issues, including restoration of land grants, farm workers' rights, improved education, voting and political rights, and an emerging awareness of collective history.
  • Prior to the case, many Latino women who did not understand English were being sterilized in the United States without proper consent.

• The Rise of the Assemblies

  • The proprietary colonies were created after the Restoration of 1660 and typically enjoyed greater civil and religious liberty than other colonies.
  • Colonial government represented an extension of the English government.

• The Pequot War

  • The War not only involved the Pequot and the English Puritans, but several other Indian tribes, some of which, including the Mohegan, aligned themselves with the English.
  • Just before the outbreak of war with the English, the Mohegan, under a sachem named Uncas, split from the Pequots and aligned themselves with the English.
  • Two events weakened the Pequot prior to their war with the English.
  • In 1631 the tribe was divided into pro-English and pro-Dutch factions.
  • Sassacus was executed by the Mohawks, a tribe that fought on the side of the English.

• Prisons and Asylums

  • The assumption of rehabilitation was that people were not permanently criminal and that it was possible to restore a criminal to a useful life in which they could contribute to themselves and to society.
  • The introduction of moral treatment was initiated independently by the French doctor Philippe Pinel and the English Quaker William Tuke.