The Carolinas

Examples of The Carolinas in the following topics:

• The Founding of Carolina

  • The Province of Carolina was created when Charles II rewarded the Lords Proprietor lands that include the modern day Carolinas and Georgia.
  • They named their colony Carolina, and they themselves were called the Lords Proprietors.
  • In 1691, dissent over the governance of the province led to the appointment of a deputy governor to administer the northern half of Carolina.
  • The Earl of Clarendon was one of eight Lords Proprietor given title to the Province of Carolina.
  • This is one of the earliest geographical charts of the province of Carolina

• The Carolinas

  • The Province of Carolina was originally chartered in 1629.
  • In 1663, Charles II of England rewarded eight men for their faithful support of his efforts to regain the throne of England by granting them the land called Carolina; these men were called Lords Proprietors and controlled the Carolinas from 1663 to 1729.
  • By 1715, the southern part of Carolina had a black majority because of the number of slaves in the colony.
  • During this period, the two halves of the province began increasingly to be known as North Carolina and South Carolina.
  • Summarize the early colonization and government of North and South Carolina

• Settling the Southern Colonies

  • The Southern Colonies, including Maryland, the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia were established during the 16th and 17th centuries.
  • At the time, they consisted of South Carolina, North Carolina, Maryland, Virginia, and Georgia; their historical names were the Colony and Dominion of Virginia, the Province of Carolina, and the Province of Georgia.
  • The next major development in the history of the Southern Colonies was the Province of Carolina, originally chartered in 1629.
  • The first permanent English settlement was established in 1653 when emigrants from the Virginia Colony, New England, and Bermuda settled on the shores of Albemarle Sound in the northeastern corner of present-day North Carolina.
  • The 1732 charter created Georgia as a buffer state to protect the prosperous South Carolina from Spanish Florida, and required that debtors be shipped to free space in English jails.

• Slavery in the Rice Kingdom

  • South Carolina was the first colony founded deliberately on slave labor to support its growing rice economy.
  • South Carolina, later dubbed the "Rice Kingdom," was one of the first North American colonies to be deliberately founded on slave labor.
  • The planters were well aware that African slaves had skills and attributes well suited to the semi-tropical environment of South Carolina.
  • The principle cash crop harvested by the South Carolina slave population in the early 18th century was rice, a crop which probably originated in Madagascar and had been introduced into South Carolina in 1694.
  • Once rice was established as the principle cash crop of South Carolina, it brought unprecedented wealth and prosperity to planters and the region.

• Georgia and South Carolina

  • However, Gates promptly suffered one of the worst defeats in U.S. military history at the Battle of Camden in South Carolina on August 16, 1780.
  • This loss set the stage for Cornwallis to invade North Carolina.
  • The success of Cornwallis in the Carolinas was greatly undermined by Britain's inability to raise large Loyalist armies.
  • In the late spring of 1781, Greene led the Siege of Ninety Six in an attempt to secure the village of Ninety Six, South Carolina.
  • The final major battle of the Carolinas took place in Eutaw Springs, South Carolina, on September 1781.

• Slavery in the South

  • Every colony had slaves, from the southern rice plantations in Charles Town, South Carolina, to the northern wharves of Boston.
  • The Chesapeake region and North Carolina thrived on tobacco production, while South Carolina and Georgia thrived on rice and indigo.
  • While the southern part of Carolina produced thriving economies on rice and indigo (a plant that yields a dark blue dye used by English royalty) throughout the 18th century, the northern part of Carolina—later established as the separate colony of North Carolina—turned more toward tobacco production, like its neighbor Virginia.
  • Tobacco was the primary export of both Virginia and North Carolina, which increasingly came to rely on slave labor from Africa.
  • However, colonists who relocated from other colonies, especially South Carolina, disregarded this prohibition and brought with them their slaves.

• Nullification

  • The nation had suffered an economic downturn throughout the 1820s, and South Carolina in particular had been affected.
  • By 1828, South Carolina state politics increasingly organized around the tariff issue.
  • When the Jackson administration failed to take any actions to address concerns, South Carolina's most radical faction began to advocate the state itself declaring the tariff null and void within South Carolina.
  • However, the reductions were too little for South Carolina, and in November of 1832, a state convention declared that the tariffs of both 1828 and 1832 were unconstitutional and unenforceable in South Carolina as of February 1, 1833.
  • Summarize the circumstances that led to South Carolina's Ordinance of Nullification and the resolution of the crisis

• Georgia

  • The area within the charter had previously been part of the original grant of the Province of Carolina, which was closely linked to Georgia.
  • South Carolina had never been able to gain control of the area; however, American Indians had been forcefully pushed back from the Georgia coast after the Yamasee War, excepting a few villages of defeated Yamasee (who became known as the Yamacraw to distinguish them from the Yamasee in Florida and among the Creek).
  • At that time, tension between Spain and Great Britain was high, and the British feared that Spanish Florida was threatening the British Carolinas.
  • However, colonists who relocated from other colonies, especially South Carolina, disregarded these prohibitions.
  • A new and accurate map of the Provinces of North and South Carolina

• Confederate Politics

  • Vance of North Carolina, a powerful advocate of states' rights, frequently opposed Davis.
  • Vance was particularly opposed to conscription efforts in North Carolina, limiting recruitment success in that state.
  • North Carolina was also the only state to observe the right of habeas corpus during the war.
  • Vance insisted that a portion of supplies smuggled into North Carolina by blockade runners be given to the state, despite need elsewhere.
  • Zebulon Vance, Governor of North Carolina, challenged the central Confederate government.

• Agriculture

  • Exports of these crops led South Carolina to become one of the wealthiest colonies prior to the Revolution.
  • In the 1740s, Eliza Lucas Pinckney began indigo culture and processing in coastal South Carolina.
  • An "indigo bonanza" followed, with South Carolina production approaching a million pounds (400 tonnes) in the late 1750s.
  • South Carolina did not have a monopoly of the British market, but the demand was strong and many planters switched to the new crop when the price of rice fell.
  • Carolina indigo had a mediocre reputation because Carolina planters failed to achieve consistent high quality production standards.