Examples of Islamic calendar in the following topics:
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Dates and Calendars
- The Islamic calendar determines the first year in 622 CE, during which the emigration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, known as the Hijra, occurred.
- It is used to date events in many Muslim countries (concurrently with the Gregorian calendar), and is used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper days on which to observe and celebrate Islamic religious practices (e.g., fasting), holidays, and festivals.
- Some of the more prominent regional Hindu calendars include the Nepali calendar, Assamese calendar, Bengali calendar, Malayalam calendar, Tamil calendar, the Vikrama Samvat (used in Northern India), and Shalivahana calendar.
- Islamic Calendar stamp issued at King Khaled airport (10 Rajab 1428 / 24 July 2007)
- The first year was the Islamic year beginning in AD 622, during which the emigration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, known as the Hijra, occurred.
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Post-Byzantine Egypt
- The Rashidun Caliphate was the Islamic caliphate in the earliest period of Islam, comprising the first four caliphs.
- It was founded after Muhammad's death in 632 (year 11 AH in the Islamic calendar).
- Conversions of Copts to Islam were at first rare, and the old system of taxation was maintained for the greater part of the first Islamic century.
- The Fatimids reserved separate pulpits for different Islamic sects, where the scholars expressed their various ideas.
- They were popularly used as heavy knightly cavalry by a number of different Islamic kingdoms and empires.
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The Islamic Republic of Iran
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The Classical Period of the Maya
- A 260-day calendar (Tzolkin) was combined with the 365-day solar calendar (Haab') to create a calendar round.
- It utilized 20 named days that repeated 13 times in that calendar year.
- The solar calendar (Haab') is very similar to the modern solar calendar year that uses the earth's orbit around the sun to measure time.
- Each symbol represents a specific day within the calendar.
- When the Tzolkin and Haab' calendar's are combined they create a 52-year solar calendar.
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Women in Pre-Islamic Arabia
- Women had almost no legal status under tribal law in pre-Islamic Arabia.
- Marriage by capture, or "Ba'al," was also a common pre-Islamic practice.
- In many modern Islamic countries, Sharia combines politics and religion.
- Veils were present in the Byzantine Empire and pre-Islamic Persia, and veil wearing is now a basic principle of the Islamic faith.
- Assess the role and rights of women in Islamic and pre-Islamic Arabia
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The Islamic Golden Age
- Abbasid leadership cultivated intellectual, cultural, and scientific developments in the Islamic Golden Age.
- The Islamic Golden Age refers to a period in the history of Islam, traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th century, during which much of the historically Islamic world was ruled by various caliphates and science, economic development, and cultural works flourished.
- Medicine was a central part of medieval Islamic culture.
- Arabesque in Islamic art is often used to symbolize the transcendent, indivisible, and infinite nature of God.
- Identify the causes of, and developments during, the Islamic Golden Age
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Culture and Religion in Pre-Islamic Arabia
- The nomadic tribes of pre-Islamic Arabia primarily practiced polytheism, although some tribes converted to Judaism and Christianity.
- Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia was a mix of polytheism, Christianity, Judaism, and Iranian religions.
- The chief god in pre-Islamic Arabia was Hubal, the Syrian god of the moon.
- Arabian music extended from the Islamic peoples in Arabia to North Africa, Persia, and Syria.
- Pre-Islamic and post-Islamic music was important for poetry and oral traditions.
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Shang Religion
- The Shang also established a lunar calendar that was used to predict and record events, such as harvests, births, and deaths (of rulers and peasants alike).
- Because the calendar was used to time both crop planting and the harvest, the king had to employ skilled astronomers to predict dates (and successes) of annual harvests; this would help him maintain support from the people.
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Aztec Religion
- The Aztec based their calendar on the sun and utilized a 365-day religious calendar.
- This calendar shows the 18 months circling around a representation of the sun.
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Islamic Conquest of the Maghreb
- The Islamic conquest of the Maghreb region took place largely under the Umayyad Caliphate (661–750), which at the peak of its influence ruled one of the vastest empires ever to exist.
- This would become the capital of the Islamic province of Ifriqiya, which would cover the coastal regions of today's western Libya, Tunisia, and eastern Algeria.
- Strife ended only in 692, which brought about a return of domestic order that allowed the caliph to resume the Islamic conquest of North Africa.
- Various Islamic variations, such as the Ibadis and the Shia, were adopted by some Berbers, often leading to scorning of caliph control in favor of other interpretations of Islam.
- Discuss the effects the Islamic conquest of the Maghreb had on the area