C++ Operators
C++ Operators
Operators are used to perform operations on variables and values.
The value is called an operand, while the operation (to be performed between the two operands) is defined by an operator:
Operand | Operator | Operand |
---|---|---|
100 | + | 50 |
In the example below, the numbers 100 and 50 are operands, and the
+
sign is an operator:
Although the +
operator is often used to add together two values, like in the example above, it can also be used to add together a variable and a value, or a variable and another variable:
Example
int sum1 = 100 + 50;
// 150 (100 + 50)
int sum2 = sum1 + 250; // 400 (150 + 250)
int sum3 = sum2 + sum2; // 800 (400 + 400)
Run example »
C++ divides the operators into the following groups:
- Arithmetic operators
- Assignment operators
- Comparison operators
- Logical operators
- Bitwise operators
Arithmetic Operators
Arithmetic operators are used to perform common mathematical operations.
Operator | Name | Description | Example |
---|---|---|---|
+ | Addition | Adds together two values | x + y |
- | Subtraction | Subtracts one value from another | x - y |
* | Multiplication | Multiplies two values | x * y |
/ | Division | Divides one value from another | x / y |
% | Modulus | Returns the division remainder | x % y |
++ | Increment | Increases the value of a variable by 1 | ++x |
-- | Decrement | Decreases the value of a variable by 1 | --x |
C++ Assignment Operators
Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables.
In the example below, we use the assignment operator (=
)
to assign the value 10 to a variable called x:
The addition assignment operator (+=
) adds a value to a variable:
A list of all assignment operators:
Operator | Example | Same As |
---|---|---|
= | x = 5 | x = 5 |
+= | x += 3 | x = x + 3 |
-= | x -= 3 | x = x - 3 |
*= | x *= 3 | x = x * 3 |
/= | x /= 3 | x = x / 3 |
%= | x %= 3 | x = x % 3 |
&= | x &= 3 | x = x & 3 |
|= | x |= 3 | x = x | 3 |
^= | x ^= 3 | x = x ^ 3 |
>>= | x >>= 3 | x = x >> 3 |
<<= | x <<= 3 | x = x << 3 |
C++ Comparison Operators
Comparison operators are used to compare two values:
Operator | Name | Example |
---|---|---|
== | Equal to | x == y |
!= | Not equal | x != y |
> | Greater than | x > y |
< | Less than | x < y |
>= | Greater than or equal to | x >= y |
<= | Less than or equal to | x <= y |
C++ Logical Operators
Logical operators are used to determine the logic between variables or values:
Operator | Name | Description | Example |
---|---|---|---|
&& | Logical and | Returns true if both statements are true | x < 5 && x < 10 |
|| | Logical or | Returns true if one of the statements is true | x < 5 || x < 4 |
! | Logical not | Reverse the result, returns false if the result is true | !(x < 5 && x < 10) |