Petrotympanic fissure

Petrotympanic fissure
Left temporal bone. Outer surface. (Petrotympanic fissure is labeled at left, fourth from top.)
The right membrana tympani with the hammer and the chorda tympani, viewed from within, from behind, and from above. (Glaserian fissure labeled at center left.)
Details
Identifiers
LatinFissura petrotympanica
TA98A02.1.06.074
TA2717
FMA55463
Anatomical terms of bone

The petrotympanic fissure (also known as the squamotympanic fissure or the glaserian fissure) is a fissure in the temporal bone[1] that runs from the temporomandibular joint to the tympanic cavity.[2]

The mandibular fossa is bounded, in front, by the articular tubercle; behind, by the tympanic part of the bone, which separates it from the external acoustic meatus; it is divided into two parts by a narrow slit, the petrotympanic fissure.

It opens just above and in front of the ring of bone into which the tympanic membrane is inserted; in this situation it is a mere slit about 2 mm. in length. It lodges the anterior process and anterior ligament of the malleus, and gives passage to the anterior tympanic branch of the internal maxillary artery.

Eponym

It is also known as the "Glaserian fissure", after Johann Glaser.[3]

Contents

The contents of the fissure include communications of cranial nerve VII to the infratemporal fossa. A branch of cranial nerve VII, the chorda tympani, runs through the fissure to join with the lingual nerve providing special sensory (taste) innervation to the tongue. Anterior tympanic artery and tympanic veins also pass through the structure. Petrotympanic fissure contains some of the fibers of the anterior ligament of malleus, which run on the base of skull and eventually attach onto the spine of sphenoid bone.

See also

References

Public domain This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 140 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

  1. ↑ Petrotympanic+fissure Archived October 9, 2016, at the Wayback Machine at eMedicine Dictionary
  2. ↑ Eckerdal O (1991). "The petrotympanic fissure: a link connecting the tympanic cavity and the temporomandibular joint". Cranio. 9 (1): 15–22. doi:10.1080/08869634.1991.11678343. PMID 1843474.
  3. ↑ "Glaserian fissure". Medcyclopaedia. Retrieved 2008-03-07.
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