2012–13 2. Bundesliga

The 2012–13 2. Bundesliga was the 39th season of the 2. Bundesliga, Germany's second-level football league. The season began on 3 August 2012 and ended with the last games on 19 May 2013, with a winter break held between the weekends around 15 December 2012 and 2 February 2013.[5]

2. Bundesliga
Season2012–13
ChampionsHertha BSC
PromotedHertha BSC
Eintracht Braunschweig
RelegatedMSV Duisburg
Jahn Regensburg
Matches played306
Goals scored790 (2.58 per match)
Top goalscorerDominick Kumbela
(19 goals)
Biggest home winErzgebirge Aue 6–1 VfL Bochum[1]
Biggest away winSV Sandhausen 1–6 Hertha BSC[2]
Highest scoringErzgebirge Aue 6–1 VfL Bochum[1]
SV Sandhausen 1–6 Hertha BSC[2]
VfL Bochum 5–2 SV Sandhausen[3]
Eintracht Braunschweig 4–3 1. FC Union Berlin[4]
Average attendance17,240

The league comprised eighteen teams: The teams placed fourth through fifteenth of the 2011–12 season, the worst two teams from the 2011–12 Bundesliga, the best two teams from the 2011–12 3. Liga, the losers of the relegation play-off between the 16th-placed Bundesliga team and the third-placed 2. Bundesliga team and the winners of the relegation play-off between the 16th-placed 2. Bundesliga team and the third-placed 3. Liga team.

Teams

At the end of the 2011–12 season, SpVgg Greuther Fürth and Eintracht Frankfurt were directly promoted to the 2012–13 Bundesliga. Greuther Fürth left the second level after fifteen seasons and will make debut for top level, while Eintracht only made a cameo appearance in the league. The two promoted teams were replaced by 1. FC Köln and 1. FC Kaiserslautern, who were relegated at the end of the 2011–12 Bundesliga season. Köln re-entered the second level after four consecutive Bundesliga seasons, while Kaiserslautern returned to the 2. Bundesliga after two years.

On the other end of the table, Alemannia Aachen and Hansa Rostock were directly relegated to the 2012–13 3. Liga. Aachen dropped to the third tier for the first time since the 1998–99 season, while Rostock concluded a cameo appearance in the league. The two relegated clubs will be replaced with 2011–12 3. Liga champions SV Sandhausen and runners-up VfR Aalen, who earned direct promotion spots are thus both made their debut on this level of the league system.

Two further spots were available via two-legged play-offs. The playoff between 16th-placed 2011–12 Bundesliga sides Hertha BSC and third-placed 2011–12 2. Bundesliga team Fortuna Düsseldorf ended 4–3 on aggregate for the latter. Consequently, Fortuna finished a three-year spell at second level and returned to the Bundesliga after fifteen years in lower leagues; in turn, Hertha concluded a cameo appearance at the top level and returned to the 2. Bundesliga. However, this decision is provisional since Hertha have appealed against the result of the second leg, which was marred by several incidents of crowd disturbance.[6]

Elsewhere, the playoff between 16th-placed 2011–12 2. Bundesliga sides Karlsruher SC and third-placed 2011–12 3. Liga team Jahn Regensburg ended 3–3 on aggregate and saw Jahn promoted via the away goal rule. The Bavarian club returned to the second level after eight years; in turn, Karlsruhe finished a three-year spell at the second level and returned to the third level for the first time since the 2000–01 season.

Stadiums and locations

Five clubs expanded the seating capacities of their stadiums. Following their promotion, Aalen, Jahn Regensburg and Sandhausen all increased the capacity of their stadiums to 12,500, 13,251 and 12,100 spectators, respectively.[7] Elsewhere, St. Pauli's Millerntor-Stadion was undergoing reconstruction during the autumn as the entire Back Straight was being rebuilt.[8] Finally, 1860 Munich will benefit from an expansion of Allianz Arena by co-tenants and city rivals Bayern Munich, who increased the total capacity of the ground to 71,000 people in late August 2012.[9]

An additional three clubs will have a slightly decreased capacity, as Eintracht Braunschweig, FSV Frankfurt and Union Berlin all are rebuilding a stand of their stadiums. Braunschweig will thus be able to host 22,100 spectators, while Frankfurt and Union can accommodate 10,470 and 16,750 people, respectively, during reconstruction.[7]

Team Location Stadium Stadium capacity[7]
VfR Aalen Aalen Scholz-Arena 13,251
VfL Bochum Bochum rewirpowerSTADION 29,299
MSV Duisburg Duisburg Schauinsland-Reisen-Arena 31,500
Dynamo Dresden Dresden Glücksgas-Stadion 32,066
Eintracht Braunschweig Braunschweig Eintracht-Stadion 22,100Note 2
Energie Cottbus Cottbus Stadion der Freundschaft 22,528
FC Erzgebirge Aue Aue Sparkassen-Erzgebirgsstadion 15,711
FSV Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main Frankfurter Volksbank Stadion 10,470Note 3
Hertha BSC Berlin Olympiastadion 74,244
FC Ingolstadt 04 Ingolstadt Audi Sportpark 15,445
Jahn Regensburg Regensburg Jahnstadion 12,500
1. FC Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Fritz-Walter-Stadion 49,780
1. FC Köln Cologne RheinEnergieStadion 50,000
1860 Munich Munich Allianz Arena 71,000Note 1
SC Paderborn 07 Paderborn Energieteam Arena 15,000
SV Sandhausen Sandhausen Hardtwald 12,100
FC St. Pauli Hamburg Millerntor-Stadion 29,063
1. FC Union Berlin Berlin Alte Försterei 16,750Note 2

Notes

  1. The total capacity of Allianz Arena was 69,000 people before being expanded to 71,000 in late August 2012.[9]
  2. Stadium is under reconstruction for all of the 2012–13 season.
  3. Stadium is under reconstruction during the 2012–13 season. The capacity will increase to 12,542 spectators upon completion of the works.

Personnel and sponsorships

Team Head coach Team captain Kitmaker[10] Shirt sponsor[10]
VfR Aalen Austria Ralph Hasenhüttl Argentina Leandro Grech adidas Imtech
VfL Bochum Germany Peter Neururer Germany Andreas Luthe Nike Netto
MSV Duisburg Germany Kosta Runjaić Bosnia and Herzegovina Branimir Bajić Nike Rheinpower
Dynamo Dresden Austria Peter Pacult Germany Robert Koch Nike Veolia
Eintracht Braunschweig Germany Torsten Lieberknecht Germany Dennis Kruppke Puma Volkswagen Bank
Energie Cottbus Germany Rudi Bommer Germany Marc-André Kruska Umbro Tropical Islands
Erzgebirge Aue Germany Falko Götz Germany René Klingbeil Nike Elektrowerkzeuge Eibenstock
FSV Frankfurt Germany Benno Möhlmann Germany Björn Schlicke Saller Frankfurt Skyline
Hertha BSC Netherlands Jos Luhukay Germany Peter Niemeyer Nike Deutsche Bahn
FC Ingolstadt 04 Germany Tomas Oral Germany Stefan Leitl adidas Audi
Jahn Regensburg Poland Franciszek Smuda Germany André Laurito Saller Händlmaier's
1. FC Kaiserslautern Germany Franco Foda Switzerland Albert Bunjaku[11] uhlsport Allgäuer Latschenkiefer
1. FC Köln Germany Holger Stanislawski Slovenia Mišo Brečko Erima REWE
1860 Munich Germany Alexander Schmidt Germany Benjamin Lauth uhlsport Aston Martin
SC Paderborn 07 Germany René Müller (caretaker) Germany Markus Krösche Saller Finke
SV Sandhausen Germany Hans-Jürgen Boysen Germany Frank Löning Puma Machmeier Energy
FC St. Pauli Germany Michael Frontzeck Germany Fabian Boll Do You Football Deutsche Fernsehlotterie
1. FC Union Berlin Germany Uwe Neuhaus Germany Torsten Mattuschka uhlsport Becker

Managerial changes

Team Outgoing manager Manner of departure Date of vacancy Position in table Incoming manager Date of appointment
1. FC Köln Germany Frank Schaefer End of tenure as caretaker 30 June 2012[12] Pre-season Germany Holger Stanislawski 1 July 2012[12]
1. FC Kaiserslautern Bulgaria Krasimir Balakov Sacked 30 June 2012[13] Germany Franco Foda 1 July 2012[14]
Hertha BSC Germany Otto Rehhagel End of contract 30 June 2012[15] Netherlands Jos Luhukay 1 July 2012[15]
Jahn Regensburg Germany Markus Weinzierl FC Augsburg purchased rights 30 June 2012[16] Germany Oscar Corrochano 1 July 2012[17]
SC Paderborn 07 Germany Roger Schmidt FC Red Bull Salzburg purchased rights 30 June 2012[18] Germany Stephan Schmidt 10 July 2012[19]
MSV Duisburg Germany Oliver Reck Sacked 25 August 2012[20] 18th Germany Kosta Runjaić 3 September 2012[21]
FC St. Pauli Germany André Schubert Sacked 26 September 2012[22] 13th Germany Michael Frontzeck 3 October 2012[23]
VfL Bochum Germany Andreas Bergmann Mutual consent 28 October 2012[24] 17th Germany Karsten Neitzel (caretaker) 28 October 2012[24]
Jahn Regensburg Germany Oscar Corrochano Sacked 4 November 2012[25] 16th Poland Franciszek Smuda 2 January 2013[26]
1860 Munich Germany Reiner Maurer Sacked 18 November 2012[27] 7th Germany Alexander Schmidt 18 November 2012
SV Sandhausen Germany Gerd Dais Sacked 19 November 2012[28] 17th Germany Hans-Jürgen Boysen 20 November 2012[29]
Dynamo Dresden Germany Ralf Loose Sacked 9 December 2012[30] 16th Austria Peter Pacult 3 January 2013[31]
VfL Bochum Germany Karsten Neitzel End of tenure as caretaker 8 April 2013[32] 16th Germany Peter Neururer 8 April 2013[32]
FC Erzgebirge Aue Germany Karsten Baumann Sacked 28 April 2013[33] 15th Germany Falko Götz 29 April 2013[34]
SC Paderborn 07 Germany Stephan Schmidt Sacked 5 May 2013[35] 12th Germany René Müller (caretaker) 5 May 2013

League table

Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Promotion, qualification or relegation
1 Hertha BSC (C, P) 34 22 10 2 65 28 +37 76 Promotion to Bundesliga
2 Eintracht Braunschweig (P) 34 19 10 5 52 34 +18 67
3 1. FC Kaiserslautern 34 15 13 6 55 33 +22 58 Qualification to promotion play-offs
4 FSV Frankfurt 34 16 6 12 55 45 +10 54
5 1. FC Köln 34 14 12 8 43 33 +10 54
6 TSV 1860 Munich 34 12 13 9 39 31 +8 49
7 1. FC Union Berlin 34 13 10 11 50 49 +1 49
8 Energie Cottbus 34 12 12 10 41 36 +5 48
9 VfR Aalen 34 12 10 12 40 39 +1 46
10 FC St. Pauli 34 11 10 13 44 47 3 43
11 MSV Duisburg[lower-alpha 1] (R) 34 11 10 13 37 49 12 43 Relegation to 3. Liga
12 SC Paderborn 34 11 9 14 45 45 0 42
13 FC Ingolstadt 04 34 10 12 12 36 43 7 42
14 VfL Bochum 34 10 8 16 40 52 12 38
15 Erzgebirge Aue 34 9 10 15 39 46 7 37
16 Dynamo Dresden (O) 34 9 10 15 35 49 14 37 Qualification to relegation play-offs
17 SV Sandhausen[lower-alpha 1] 34 6 8 20 38 66 28 26
18 Jahn Regensburg (R) 34 4 7 23 36 65 29 19 Relegation to 3. Liga
Source: kicker.de
Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) number of goals scored.
(C) Champions; (O) Play-off winners; (P) Promoted; (R) Relegated
Notes:
  1. MSV Duisburg were denied a license for the 2013–14 2. Bundesliga season, and, in accordance with the rules of the DFL (Deutsche Fußball Liga), Duisburg are replaced by the best-placed originally relegated team, SV Sandhausen.[36]

Results

Home \ Away AAL AUE BSC UNB BOC EBS FCE SGD DUI FSV FCI FCK KOE M60 SCP JRE SVS STP
VfR Aalen 2–0 0–1 3–0 2–2 0–3 1–1 3–0 0–1 3–0 2–1 1–2 2–0 1–1 0–1 2–1 2–2 0–1
Erzgebirge Aue 1–1 0–4 1–1 6–1 1–1 3–0 1–0 0–0 0–2 0–1 1–1 2–0 0–1 0–1 3–1 2–2 0–0
Hertha BSC 2–0 3–2 2–2 2–0 3–0 1–1 1–0 4–2 2–1 0–0 1–0 1–1 3–0 2–2 2–1 1–0 1–0
Union Berlin 0–0 3–0 1–2 2–1 0–1 3–1 0–0 2–1 1–0 1–1 2–0 2–1 2–2 0–1 1–0 3–1 4–2
VfL Bochum 0–1 0–3 0–2 1–2 0–1 2–2 2–1 2–2 1–3 1–1 1–2 2–1 0–0 4–0 0–2 5–2 3–0
Eintracht Braunschweig 1–1 1–1 1–1 4–3 3–0 0–0 2–1 3–0 2–2 3–0 1–1 1–0 1–2 2–1 1–0 2–1 1–0
Energie Cottbus 1–1 3–0 1–2 2–1 0–2 3–1 2–0 0–1 2–2 1–1 4–2 0–0 1–0 2–1 1–1 3–0 2–0
Dynamo Dresden 0–0 3–1 1–0 0–2 0–3 0–2 1–0 0–0 2–1 0–1 1–3 0–2 2–2 2–1 3–1 3–1 3–2
MSV Duisburg 1–4 2–1 2–2 1–2 0–0 1–0 2–1 1–3 1–2 0–2 0–0 1–1 1–3 3–2 4–2 2–1 0–0
FSV Frankfurt 6–1 1–0 3–1 3–0 2–1 1–2 1–0 3–1 1–1 0–2 0–1 1–1 0–1 1–1 3–1 3–1 2–1
FC Ingolstadt 2–0 1–2 1–1 2–1 2–1 0–1 2–2 1–1 0–1 0–2 1–1 0–3 0–2 1–3 4–2 1–1 0–0
1. FC Kaiserslautern 0–1 4–1 1–1 3–3 0–0 1–1 1–0 3–0 2–1 4–1 3–0 3–0 0–0 3–0 1–1 3–1 1–2
1. FC Köln 1–0 2–1 1–2 2–0 3–1 2–2 0–1 1–1 0–0 2–1 1–0 3–3 1–1 3–0 2–1 1–1 0–0
1860 Munich 3–0 1–1 0–0 3–0 0–1 1–1 1–1 1–1 3–0 1–2 1–1 0–1 0–2 1–0 1–0 4–0 0–2
SC Paderborn 2–2 2–0 0–1 1–1 4–0 1–2 0–1 2–2 0–2 3–0 1–3 1–1 1–2 2–0 0–0 3–0 1–1
Jahn Regensburg 1–3 1–1 1–5 3–3 0–1 0–1 0–1 0–0 2–0 1–4 1–2 1–3 2–3 1–1 0–2 1–3 3–0
SV Sandhausen 1–0 0–1 1–6 2–0 0–1 1–3 3–1 1–1 0–2 1–1 3–1 1–1 0–0 0–1 1–3 1–2 4–1
FC St. Pauli 0–1 0–3 2–3 2–2 1–1 5–1 0–0 3–2 4–1 3–0 1–1 1–0 0–1 3–1 2–2 3–2 2–1
Source: DFB
Legend: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.

Relegation play-offs

Dynamo Dresden, who finished 16th, faced VfL Osnabrück, the third-placed 2012–13 3. Liga side for a two-legged play-off. The winner on aggregate score after both matches will earn a spot in the 2013–14 2. Bundesliga. The two sides met in the same fixture two seasons ago, although this time the roles are reversed.

VfL Osnabrück1–0Dynamo Dresden
Manno 43' Report
Attendance: 15,500
Referee: Günter Perl (Pullach)

Dynamo Dresden2–0VfL Osnabrück
Fiél 31'
Ouali 73'
Report
Attendance: 29.253

Dynamo Dresden won 2–1 on aggregate and retained its 2. Bundesliga spot for the 2013–14 season.

Season statistics

Hat-tricks

PlayerForAgainstResultDate
Democratic Republic of the Congo Dominick KumbelaEintracht Braunschweig1. FC Union Berlin4–3[40]17 December 2012

Scoring

  • First goal of the season: Stefan Leitl for FC Ingolstadt 04 against FC Energie Cottbus (3 August 2012)[41]
  • Fastest goal of the season: Idir Ouali for Dynamo Dresden against MSV Duisburg (25 August 2012)
  • Largest winning margin: 5 goals
    • Erzgebirge Aue 6–1 VfL Bochum (27 October 2012)[1]
    • SV Sandhausen 1–6 Hertha BSC (9 November 2012)[2]
  • Highest scoring game: 7 goals
    • Erzgebirge Aue 6–1 VfL Bochum (27 October 2012)[1]
    • SV Sandhausen 1–6 Hertha BSC (9 November 2012)[2]
    • VfL Bochum 5–2 SV Sandhausen (18 November 2012)[3]
    • Eintracht Braunschweig 4–3 1. FC Union Berlin (17 December 2012)[4]

References

  1. "11. Spieltag – 2. Bundesliga – Spieltag / Tabelle". kicker.de (in German). Retrieved 27 October 2012.
  2. "13. Spieltag – 2. Bundesliga – Spieltag / Tabelle". kicker.de (in German). Retrieved 9 November 2012.
  3. "14. Spieltag – 2. Bundesliga – Spieltag / Tabelle". kicker.de (in German). Retrieved 18 November 2012.
  4. "19. Spieltag – 2. Bundesliga – Spieltag / Tabelle". kicker.de (in German). Retrieved 17 December 2012.
  5. "Rahmenterminkalender 2012/13" [2012–13 Preliminary Calendar]. kicker.de (in German). 9 January 2012. Retrieved 26 March 2012.
  6. "Hertha to appeal defeat after play-off drama". Eurosport. 16 May 2012. Archived from the original on 3 November 2014. Retrieved 16 May 2012.
  7. Smentek, Klaus; et al. (8 August 2012). "kicker Bundesliga Sonderheft 2012/13". kicker Sportmagazin (in German). Nuremberg: Olympia Verlag. ISSN 0948-7964.
  8. Görtzen, Christian (22 November 2011). "Keine Welle am Millerntor". Die Welt.
  9. "71.000: Mehr Platz in Bayerns Wohnzimmer". kicker Sportmagazin (in German). 29 August 2012. Retrieved 29 August 2012.
  10. "Unterhaus = Modehaus". kicker.de. kicker Sportmagazin. Retrieved 14 July 2012.
  11. "Albert Bunjaku appointed new FCK captain". 1. FC Kaiserslautern official website. 2 August 2012. Archived from the original on 22 August 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  12. "Stanislawski neuer Trainer in Köln" [Stanislawski new Manager in Cologne] (in German). DFL. 14 May 2012. Archived from the original on 17 May 2012. Retrieved 18 May 2012.
  13. "FCK trennt sich von Balakov" [FCK separates from Balakov] (in German). DFL. 18 May 2012. Archived from the original on 19 May 2012. Retrieved 18 May 2012.
  14. "Perfekt: Foda macht's beim FCK" (in German). kicker.de. 23 May 2012. Retrieved 2 June 2012.
  15. "Luhukay übernimmt in Berlin" [Luhukay takes over in Berlin] (in German). DFL. 17 May 2012. Archived from the original on 20 May 2012. Retrieved 18 May 2012.
  16. "Weinzierl neuer Cheftrainer beim FCA" [Weinzerl new manager at FCA] (in German). DFL. 17 May 2012. Archived from the original on 20 May 2012. Retrieved 18 May 2012.
  17. "Corrochano übernimmt beim Jahn" [Corrochano takes over at Jahn] (in German). DFL. 15 June 2012. Archived from the original on 25 June 2012. Retrieved 15 June 2012.
  18. "Offiziell: Roger Schmidt wechselt vom SC Paderborn nach Salzburg" [Roger Schmidt leaves Paderborn for Salzburg] (in German). nw-news.de. 24 June 2012. Retrieved 17 July 2012.
  19. "Schmidt folgt auf Schmidt" [Schmidt succeeds Schmidt] (in German). DFL. 10 July 2012. Archived from the original on 22 October 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2012.
  20. "MSV Duisburg entbindet Oliver Reck und Uwe Schubert von Aufgaben" [MSV Duisburg sacks Oliver Reck and Uwe Schubert] (in German). msv-duisburg.de. 25 August 2012. Retrieved 25 August 2012.
  21. "Montag erstes Training: Kosta Runjaic neuer Zebra-Coach" [Monday first practice: Kosta Runjaic new Zebra-Coach] (in German). msv-duisburg.de. 3 September 2012. Retrieved 3 September 2012.
  22. "St. Pauli trennt sich von Trainer Schubert" [St. Pauli parts ways with Schubert] (in German). DFL. 26 September 2012. Archived from the original on 29 September 2012. Retrieved 26 September 2012.
  23. "FC St. Pauli: Michael Frontzeck ist neuer Trainer" [FC St. Pauli: Michael Frontzeck is new manager]. Der Spiegel (in German). 3 October 2012. Retrieved 3 October 2012.
  24. "Bergmann nicht mehr Cheftrainer" [Bergmann is no longer head coach] (in German). VfL Bochum official website. 28 October 2012. Archived from the original on 30 October 2012. Retrieved 28 October 2012.
  25. "Regensburg entlässt Trainer Corrochano" [Regensburg sacks manager Corrochano] (in German). DFL. 4 November 2012. Archived from the original on 9 November 2012. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
  26. "Smuda übernimmt den Jahn" [Smuda takes over Jahn] (in German). DFL. 2 January 2013. Archived from the original on 5 January 2013. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
  27. "1860: Aus für Maurer, Schmidt übernimmt" (in German). kicker.de. 18 November 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2012.
  28. "Nach sechs Pleiten in Folge: Dais muss gehen" (in German). kicker.de. 19 November 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2012.
  29. "Boysen übernimmt das Zepter beim SVS" (in German). kicker.de. 20 November 2012. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
  30. "Loose muss gehen" [Loose must go] (in German). DFL. 9 December 2012. Archived from the original on 12 December 2012. Retrieved 9 December 2012.
  31. "Dresden verpflichtet Pacult als neuen Cheftrainer" [Dresden signs Pacult as new Head Coach] (in German). DFL. 18 December 2012. Archived from the original on 21 December 2012. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  32. "Abschied von Todt und Neitzel, Neururer übernimmt" [Farewell from Todt and Neitzel, Neururer takes over] (in German). VfL Bochum. 8 April 2013. Archived from the original on 10 April 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2013.
  33. "Aue trennt sich von Trainer Baumann" [Aue sack manager Baumann]. Der Spiegel (in German). 28 April 2013. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
  34. "Götz übernimmt in Aue" [Götz takes over in Aue]. Der Spiegel (in German). 29 April 2013. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
  35. "Paderborn trennt sich von Trainer Schmidt" [Paderborn sack manager Schmidt]. Der Spiegel (in German). 5 May 2013. Retrieved 5 May 2013.
  36. "Keine Lizenz für den MSV Duisburg" [No license for MSV Duisburg] (in German). DFL. 29 May 2013. Archived from the original on 7 June 2013. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
  37. "Torjäger". Bundesliga (in German). Archived from the original on 25 August 2013. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  38. "German Bundesliga 2 Stats: Top Goal Scorers – 2012–13". ESPN. Archived from the original on 2 January 2013. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  39. "Scorer". Bundesliga (in German). Archived from the original on 12 August 2013. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  40. "Braunschweig lässt's zum Jahresausklang klingeln". kicker.de (in German). 17 December 2012. Retrieved 17 December 2012.
  41. "Leitl and Sanogo at the double". Bundesliga official website. 3 August 2012. Archived from the original on 7 November 2012. Retrieved 9 November 2012.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.