1348
Year 1348 (MCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, the 1348th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 348th year of the 2nd millennium, the 48th year of the 14th century, and the 9th and pre-final year of the 1340s decade.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1348 by topic |
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| Leaders |
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| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1348 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1348 MCCCXLVIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2101 |
| Armenian calendar | 797 ԹՎ ՉՂԷ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6098 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1269–1270 |
| Bengali calendar | 755 |
| Berber calendar | 2298 |
| English Regnal year | 21 Edw. 3 – 22 Edw. 3 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1892 |
| Burmese calendar | 710 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6856–6857 |
| Chinese calendar | 丁亥年 (Fire Pig) 4044 or 3984 — to — 戊子年 (Earth Rat) 4045 or 3985 |
| Coptic calendar | 1064–1065 |
| Discordian calendar | 2514 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1340–1341 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5108–5109 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1404–1405 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1269–1270 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4448–4449 |
| Holocene calendar | 11348 |
| Igbo calendar | 348–349 |
| Iranian calendar | 726–727 |
| Islamic calendar | 748–749 |
| Japanese calendar | Jōwa 4 (貞和４年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1260–1261 |
| Julian calendar | 1348 MCCCXLVIII |
| Korean calendar | 3681 |
| Minguo calendar | 564 before ROC 民前564年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −120 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1890–1891 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴火猪年 (female Fire-Pig) 1474 or 1093 or 321 — to — 阳土鼠年 (male Earth-Rat) 1475 or 1094 or 322 |
Events
January–December
- January – Gonville Hall, the forerunner of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, England, is founded.
- January 25 – The 6.9-magnitude 1348 Friuli earthquake centered in Northern Italy is felt across Europe. Contemporary minds link the quake with the Black Death, fueling fears that the Biblical Apocalypse has arrived.
- February 2 – Battle of Strėva: the Teutonic Order secure a victory over the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Sources tell of a blow to Lithuanian leadership, one that the Teutonic Order could not fully make use of due to the Black Death.[1][2]
- April 7 – Charles University in Prague, founded the previous year by papal bull, is granted privileges by Charles I, King of Bohemia, in a golden bull.[3]
- April 23 – Edward III of England creates the first English order of chivalry, the Most Noble Order of the Garter.
- By June 24 – The Black Death pandemic reaches England,[4] having probably been brought across the English Channel by fleas on rats aboard a ship from Gascony to the south coast port of Melcombe (modern-day Weymouth, Dorset);[5][6] by November it will have reached London and by 1350 will have killed one third to a half of its population.
- July 6 – A papal bull is issued by Pope Clement VI, protecting Jews against popular aggression during the Black Death pandemic.
- November 1 – The anti-royalist Union of Valencia attacks the Jews of Murviedro because they are serfs of the King of Valencia and thus "royalists".
- November 18 – Emperor Kōmyō of Japan abdicates the throne in favour of his son Emperor Sukō, making them the second and third of the Northern Court (Ashikaga Pretenders).[7]
Date unknown
- The Black Death pandemic spreads to central and western Europe and to Cairo.
- Stefan the Mighty, Emperor of Serbia, conquers Thessaly and Epirus.
- The Pskov Republic gains independence from the Novgorod Republic with the treaty of Bolotovo.
- Hundred Years' War (1337–1360): The effects of the Black Death cause a de facto truce to be observed between England and France until 1355.[8]
- Estimation: Hangzhou in Mongolian China becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from Cairo, capital of Mamluk Egypt.[9]
Births
- April 11 – Andronikos IV Palaiologos, Byzantine Emperor (d. 1385)
- date unknown
- John Fitzalan, 1st Lord Arundel (d. 1379)
- Alice Perrers, politically active English royal mistress and courtier (d. 1400)
Deaths
- February 2 – Narimantas, Christian Lithuanian prince of Pinsk (Battle of Strėva)
- June 9 – Ambrogio Lorenzetti, Sienese painter (Black Death) (b. 1290)
- June 13 – Don Juan Manuel, prince of Villena, Spanish writer (b. 1282)
- July 1 – Joan of England, princess (Black Death) (b. 1333/34)
- August 20 – Laurence Hastings, 1st Earl of Pembroke, English noble (b. 1319)
- August 23 – John de Stratford, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. c.1275)
- October 2 – Alice de Lacy, 4th Countess of Lincoln, English noblewoman (b. 1281)
- date unknown
- Laura de Noves, French countess, presumed beloved of Petrarch (b. 1310)
- Pietro Lorenzetti, Sienese painter (Black Death) (b. 1280)
- Umur of Aydın, Emir (killed in action) (b. c.1309)
- Giovanni Villani, chronicler of Florence (Black Death) (b. c. 1276)
References
- Sužiedėlis, Simas, ed. (1970–1978). "Strėva, Battle of". Encyclopedia Lituanica. Vol. V. Boston, Massachusetts: Juozas Kapočius. pp. 308–309. LCCN 74-114275.
- Baranauskienė, Inga (2002-12-07). "Kęstutis ir Algirdas: 1344–1345 m. perversmas ir valdžios dalybos". Voruta (in Lithuanian). 23 (521).
- "Littera fundationis Universitatis Carolinae Pragensis" (in Latin). 7 April 1348.
- Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 161–164. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- Gransden, Antonia (1957). "A Fourteenth-Century Chronicle from the Grey Friars at Lynn". English Historical Review. lxxii: 274. doi:10.1093/ehr/lxxii.cclxxxiii.270.
- Ibeji, Mike (March 10, 2011). "Black Death". History. BBC. Retrieved April 12, 2020.
- Sansom, George (1961). A History of Japan, 1334-1615. Stanford University Press. p. 82,86. ISBN 0804705259.
- Lynn II, John A (2004). Battle: A History of Combat and Culture. Philadelphia: Westview Press Inc. ISBN 978-0-8133-3372-4. pp. 85–90
- "Geography at about.com". Archived from the original on July 14, 2007. Retrieved March 1, 2006.
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