Anglican Use

The Anglican Use, also known as Divine Worship, is a use of the Roman Rite celebrated by the personal ordinariates, originally created for former Anglicans who converted to Catholicism while wishing to maintain "aspects of the Anglican patrimony that are of particular value"[3] and includes former Methodist converts to Catholicism who wish to retain aspects of Anglican and Methodist “heritage, liturgy, and tradition.[4] Its most common occurrence is within parishes of the personal ordinariates which were erected in 2009.[5] Upon the promulgation of Divine Worship: The Missal, and the term "Anglican Use" was replaced by "Divine Worship" in the liturgical books and complementary norms,[6] though "Anglican Use" is still used to describe these liturgies as they existed from the papacy of John Paul II to present.[7][8]

The Canterbury Cross, a variation of which was adopted as its logo by the Anglican Use Society, which later changed its name to Anglicanorum Coetibus Society[1][2]
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Definition

The Anglican Use was originally "the liturgy of The Book of Divine Worship [...] formulated and authorized in response to Pope John Paul II's 1980 Pastoral Provision that allowed Episcopalian priests and laity in the United States to join the Catholic church while preserving elements proper to their Anglican tradition." It gives the name "Ordinariate Use" to the liturgy, since December 2015, of the personal ordinariates for former Anglicans,[9] which is that contained in Divine Worship: The Missal and Divine Worship: Occasional Services. At a time when a specific liturgy for the personal ordinariates was still under preparation, the Anglican Use community in Indianapolis applied the term "Anglican Use" to the Book of Divine Worship liturgy that was then the interim liturgy of the North American personal ordinariate.[10] The Pasadena parish calls the present form "the Ordinariate Form" and adds that it is unofficially but popularly known as the "Anglican Use".[11] The American National Catholic Register has also distinguished between "Anglican Use" and "Ordinariate Use".[12] Other sources and commentators apply the term 'Anglican Use' to all the books known by the 'Divine Worship' appellation.[13]

History

Origins

In 1977, some of those Anglicans and Episcopalians who desired union with the Catholic Church contacted individual Catholic bishops, the Apostolic Delegate (Archbishop Jean Jadot) and the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith in Rome, to inquire about the possibility for married Anglican priests to be received into the Catholic Church and function as Catholic priests.

After the United States National Conference of Catholic Bishops and the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith had reacted favorably to the proposals that had been put before them, a formal request for union was presented in Rome on 3 November 1979 for acceptance into the Catholic Church, for steps to be taken to eliminate any defects that might be found in their priestly orders, and that they be granted the oversight, direction, and governance of a Catholic bishop.[14]

Pastoral Provision
Main article: Pastoral Provision

The decision of the Holy See was officially communicated in a letter of 22 July 1980 from the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith to the president of the United States episcopal conference, who published it on 20 August 1980. Though admittance of the Episcopalians in question to the Catholic Church was considered as reconciliation of individuals, the pastoral provision gave them a common group identity.[15] After a period of being subject to the local Latin Church bishop, the bishop could set up personal parishes for them, with the use, within the group, of a form of liturgy that retained certain elements of the Anglican liturgy; and married Episcopalian priests could on a case-by-case basis be ordained as Catholic priests, but not as bishops.[16]

In 1983, the first Anglican Use parish, Our Lady of the Atonement, was established in San Antonio, Texas. Our Lady of Walsingham parish in Houston, Texas, followed the next year.[17]

Personal ordinariates
Main article: Personal ordinariate

On 9 December 2009, Pope Benedict XVI issued the Apostolic Constitution Anglicanorum coetibus, authorizing the establishment of personal ordinariates for former Anglicans. The first to be established was the Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham for England and Wales in January 2011, followed by the Personal Ordinariate of the Chair of Saint Peter for the United States in January 2012 and the Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of the Southern Cross for Australia in June 2012. These "Anglican Use ordinariates"[18] were a response to Anglicans outside the United States, and hence beyond the remit of the Pastoral Provision, but they also supplied some of the perceived needs of that previous provision.[19]

Canonical differences between the Anglican Use parishes and the personal ordinariate are outlined in a study published in the 23 January 2012 issue of the National Catholic Reporter.[20]

Anglican Use liturgy
Several Anglican Use liturgical and devotional texts of the Catholic Church

The Congregation for Divine Worship gave provisional approval for the Anglican Use liturgy, the Book of Divine Worship, in 1984, an approval rendered definitive in 1987. This book incorporates elements of the 1928 American Book of Common Prayer, but the Eucharistic liturgy is from the 1979 Book, with the eucharistic prayers taken from the Roman Missal and the ancient Sarum Rite (with the modern English Words of Institution inserted in the latter). New texts were promulgated by the congregation on 22 June 2012, the feast of English saints Thomas More and John Fisher, namely the Order for Funerals and the Order for the Celebration of Holy Matrimony.[21]

A new liturgy for use in all three personal ordinariates for former Anglicans that had been established from 2011 on was authorized in 2013 and came into use on 29 November 2015.[22] With the promulgation of Divine Worship: The Missal, the Book of Divine Worship was phased out.[23]

The Book of Divine Worship had been based closely on the United States Episcopal Church liturgy, which had developed in ways different from that of Anglican churches in England and Australia, making it unsuitable for imposing on all personal ordinariates for former Anglicans. Its Order of Mass drew elements also from the original Book of Common Prayer, from different later versions of it, from the Tridentine Mass and from the Roman Rite as revised after the Second Vatican Council.[24] The Holy See's 'Anglicanae Traditiones Commission' that developed the updated form of Anglican patrimonial liturgy used the Book of Divine Worship as its "lead" source.[25]

In the new liturgical books for the personal ordinariates, the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith and the Congregation for Divine Worship retained the generic title Divine Worship for the entire liturgical provision for the personal ordinariates, dropping the "Book of" naming convention in favor of Divine Worship: The Missal.[26]

As an interim Divine Office, the Personal Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham in 2012 adopted the Customary of Our Lady of Walsingham. Combining elements from the most common Roman Rite books of hours–the Liturgia Horarum and the Breviarium Romanum–and both the 1549 and 1662 editions of the Church of England Book of Common Prayer, the Customary contained the full psalter. It also contained Terce, Sext, and None–hours present in the Roman Rite but not in most Anglican prayer books.[27]

Divine Worship: The Missal

Divine Worship: The Missal, the missal containing the complete expression of the Divine Worship Eucharistic liturgy, took effect on 29 November 2015, and as of 1 January 2016, the Book of Divine Worship is no longer authorized for use in public worship. As a result, even the Pastoral Provision parishes at that time still remaining outside the ordinariates adopted Divine Worship: The Missal instead of the Book of Divine Worship. The term "Anglican Use" has been replaced by "Divine Worship" in the liturgical books and complementary norms.[6]

Divine Worship: Daily Office

Divine Worship: Daily Office is the Divine Office approved for Anglican Use Ordinariates. There are two editions: The North American Edition, printed by Newman House Press and released in late 2020, is used in the Personal Ordinariate of the Chair of Saint Peter in the United States and Canada. The Commonwealth Edition, printed by the Catholic Truth Society, is used in the Personal Ordinariates of Our Lady of Walsingham and Our Lady of the Southern Cross in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, Japan, and Oceania.

See also

References
  1. Ordinariate News, 21 April 2016
  2. Anglicanorum Coetibus Society
  3. Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, "Complementary Norms for the Apostolic Constitution Anglicanorum coetibus", art. 10
  4. "Ordinariate Questions & Answers". Ordinariate of the Chair of Saint Peter. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  5. McNamara, Edward (14 November 2017). "Latin Priests and the Anglican Rite". Zenit Daily Dispatch. EWTN. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  6. "Complementary Norms of the Apostolic Constitution "Anglicanorum coetibus" of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith". press.vatican.va. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  7. Brownsberger, Marcello (27 March 2022). "Catholicism 101: One Church, Many Rites: The Anglican Ordinariate". The Torch. Boston College. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  8. Flynn, J.D. (9 August 2022). "Will 'Anglicanorum' get the 'Traditionis' treatment?". The Pillar. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  9. The Catholic Parish of St. Thomas More, The Ordinariate of the Chair of St. Peter in Toronto: Further Information
  10. Indianapolis ordinariate website
  11. Pasadena ordinariate website, archived from the original on 9 October 2018, retrieved 8 October 2018
  12. Charlotte Hays, "Modified Liturgy Coming to Ordinariate Parishes in Advent" in National Catholic Register
  13. "Shared Treasure, Vol. IV No. 9", pp. 319, 325, 331 & 370.
  14. Cavanaugh, Steve (2011), "Appendix A", Anglicans and Roman Catholics, Ignatius Press, ISBN 9781586174996
  15. Letter of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, I, archived from the original on 4 June 2004
  16. Letter, II
  17. Mueller, Mary Ann (17 June 2009). "'Anglican Use' Catholic Liturgy". Catholic.org. p. 1. Retrieved 12 March 2012.
  18. Bishop Elliott, Peter J., "Anglican Use Ordinariates and Ecumenism", The Messenger, No. 292, April–August 2010
  19. "Anglicanorum Coetibus applies the lessons learned [in North America's Pastoral Provision] to the entire Catholic Church..." Statement of the Executive of the Catholic League on Anglicanorum Coetibus, January 2010 The Messenger, No. 292, April–August 2010
  20. Fiteau, Jerry (23 January 2012), "New ordinariate and 1980 pastoral provision: An analysis", National Catholic Reporter, archived from the original on 10 February 2017, retrieved 17 April 2012
  21. "Anglican Use Society". Archived from the original on 9 July 2005. Retrieved 23 July 2005.
  22. "Divine Worship: The Missal". Ordinariate of the Chair of Saint Peter. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  23. Smith, Peter Jesserer, Our Lady's Dowry: New Ordinariate Missal Makes Advent History
  24. Patrimony: The Order of Mass for the Anglican Ordinariates
  25. Sacra Liturgia, 9 July 2016, "Mgr Burnham speaks at Sacra Liturgia London 2016"
  26. 'New Liturgical Book for the Personal Ordinariates', 20 March 2014
  27. Perry, Jackson (28 October 2020). "The Divine Worship: Daily Office Is Coming & Here's What We Know So Far". acsociety.org. Anglicanorum Coetibus Society. Retrieved 16 February 2021.

Liturgy
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