Executive Yuan

The Executive Yuan (Chinese: 行政院; pinyin: Xíngzhèng Yuàn) is the executive branch of the government of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Its leader is premier, who is appointed by president of the Republic of China and serves as the head of government of the nation.[3]

Executive Yuan
行政院
Xíngzhèng Yuàn (Mandarin)
Hêng-chèng-īⁿ(Taiwanese)
Hàng-chṳn Yen (Hakka)
Agency overview
Formed25 October 1928 (in mainland China)
10 March 1950 (in Taipei)
Preceding
Dissolved1 October 1949 (mainland China)
JurisdictionGovernment of the Republic of China
StatusActive in the Free area of the Republic of China, defunct in Mainland China
HeadquartersNo. 1, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Zhongzheng, Taipei
Agency executives
WebsiteOfficial website
Executive Yuan
Chinese行政院
Literal meaningExecutive Court
Politics of
the Republic of China (Taiwan)
Government
Presidency
Executive
Legislature
National Assembly (defunct)
Control Yuan (chamber defunct)
Judiciary
Other branches
Elections
Political parties
Propaganda
Foreign relations
Related topics
flag Taiwan portal

Under the amended constitution, the head of the Executive Yuan is the Premier who is positioned as the head of government and has the power to appoint members to serve in the cabinet, while the ROC President is the head of state under the semi-presidential system, who can appoint the Premier and nominate the members of the cabinet. The Premier may be removed by a vote of no-confidence by a majority of the Legislative Yuan, after which the President may either remove the Premier or dissolve the Legislative Yuan and initiate a new election for legislators.[3]

Organization and structure
Executive Yuan

The Executive Yuan is headed by the Premier (or President of the Executive Yuan) and includes its Vice Premier, twelve cabinet ministers, various chairpersons of commissions, and five to nine ministers without portfolio. The Vice Premier, ministers and chairpersons are appointed by the President of the Republic of China on the recommendation of the Premier.[4]

Its formation, as one of five branches ("Yuans") of the government, stemmed from the Three Principles of the People, the constitutional theory of Sun Yat-sen, but was adjusted constitutionally over the years to adapt to the situation in the ROC by changes in the laws and the Constitution of the Republic of China.

Name Leader
English Name Chinese
Premier院長 Chen Chien-jen
Vice Premier 副院長 Cheng Wen-tsan
Secretary-General 秘書長 Li Meng-yen

Ministries
Name Minister
English Name Chinese
Interior內政部 Lin Yu-chang
Foreign Affairs外交部 Joseph Wu
National Defense國防部 Chiu Kuo-cheng
Finance財政部 Chuang Tsui-yun
Education教育部 Pan Wen-chung
Justice法務部 Tsai Ching-hsiang
Economic Affairs經濟部 Wang Mei-hua
Transportation and Communications交通部 Wang Kwo-tsai
Labor勞動部 Hsu Ming-chun
Health and Welfare衛生福利部 Hsueh Jui-yuan
Culture文化部 Shih Che (史哲)
Digital Affairs數位發展部 Audrey Tang
Agriculture農業部 Chen Chi-chung
Environment環境部 Shieu Fuh-Sheng

Councils and commissions

Empowered by various laws or the Constitution, under the Executive Yuan Council several individual boards are formed to enforce different executive functions of the government. Unless regulated otherwise, the chairs are appointed by and answer to the Premier. The members of the boards are usually (a) governmental officials for the purpose of interdepartmental coordination and cooperation; or (b) creditable professionals for their reputation and independence.

  To be merged into other organs
Name Chair
English Name Chinese
National Development Council 國家發展委員會 Kung Ming-hsin
Mainland Affairs Council 大陸委員會 Chiu Tai-san
Financial Supervisory Commission 金融監督管理委員會 Huang Tien-mu
Ocean Affairs Council 海洋委員會 Kuan Bi-ling
Overseas Community Affairs Council 僑務委員會 Hsu Chia-ching (徐佳青)
Veterans Affairs Council 國軍退除役官兵輔導委員會 Feng Shih-kuan
Council of Indigenous Peoples 原住民族委員會 Icyang Parod
Hakka Affairs Council 客家委員會 Yiong Con-ziin
National Science and Technology Council 國家科學及技術委員會 Wu Tsung-tsong

Public Construction Commission

 公共工程委員會 Wu Tze-cheng

Atomic Energy Council

 原子能委員會 Chang Ching-wen

Independent commissions

There are independent executive commissions under the Executive Yuan Council. Members of these commissions have to be confirmed by the Legislative Yuan.

Name Chair
English Name Chinese
Central Election Commission 中央選舉委員會 Lee Chin-yung
Fair Trade Commission 公平交易委員會 Lee May (李鎂)
National Communications Commission 國家通訊傳播委員會 Chen Yaw-shyang (陳耀祥)

Other organs
Name Leader
English Name Chinese
Central Bank 中央銀行 Yang Chin-long
National Palace Museum 國立故宮博物院 Hsiao Tsung-huang
Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics 主計總處 Chu Tzer-ming
Directorate-General of Personnel Administration 人事行政總處 Su Chun-jung

Organizations no longer under Executive Yuan
Former site of Executive Yuan in Presidential Palace Complex (1928–1937)
Former site of Executive Yuan in Gulou District, Nanjing (1946–1949)

Duencies may be dissolved or merged with other agencies. Based on Executive Yuan website, the following bodies are no longer agencies under the Executive Yuan:[5]

Dissolved or cease to function

Ministers without portfolio

In the Executive Yuan Council, the current ministers without portfolio are:[8]

Executive Yuan Council

The Executive Yuan Council, commonly referred to as "The Cabinet" (內閣), is the chief policymaking organ of the ROC government. It consists of the premier, who presides over its meetings, the vice premier, ministers without portfolio, the heads of the ministries, and the heads of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission and the Overseas Chinese Affairs Commission. The secretary-general and the deputy secretary-general of the Executive Yuan also attend, as well as heads of other Executive Yuan organizations by invitation, but they have no vote. Article 58 of the Constitution empowers the Executive Yuan Council to evaluate statutory and budgetary bills concerning martial law, amnesty, declarations of war, conclusion of peace or treaties, and other important affairs before submission to the Legislative Yuan.

Relationship with the Legislative Yuan

The Executive Yuan Council must present the Legislators with an annual policy statement and an administrative report. The Legislative Committee may also summon members of the Executive Yuan Council for questioning.

Whenever there is disagreement between the Legislative Council and Executive Yuan Council, the Legislative Committee may pass a resolution asking the Executive Yuan Council to alter the policy proposal in question. The Executive Yuan may, in turn, ask the Legislators to reconsider. Afterwards, if the Legislative Council upholds the original resolution, the premier must abide by the resolution or resign. The Executive Yuan Council may also present an alternative budgetary bill if the one passed by the Legislative Committee is deemed difficult to execute.

Access

The Executive Yuan building is accessible within walking distance east of Taipei Main Station or west of Shandao Temple Station of Taipei Metro.

See also

References
  1. "Mao Chi-kuo named as premier (update)". focustaiwan.tw. 3 December 2014.
  2. "Taiwan retains most Cabinet members in reshuffle". focustaiwan.tw. 5 December 2014.
  3. 葉耀元 (21 February 2015). "總統制、半總統制、內閣制？台灣到底需要什麼樣的憲政框架？". 菜市場政治學. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
  4. "Structure and Functions". Executive Yuan. December 2011. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  5. "Executive Yuan, R.O.C. (Taiwan)-Ministries and Agencies". Ey.gov.tw. 2006-06-15. Retrieved 2014-05-07.
  6. "Aviation Safety Council-About ASC-Organizations". Archived from the original on 2014-05-24. Retrieved 2014-04-23.
  7. "行政院災害防救委員會 -- 首頁". www.ndppc.nat.gov.tw. Archived from the original on 3 May 2009. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
  8. "Executive Yuan Officials". Executive Yuan. December 2011. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  9. "Former economics minister to oversee trade negotiations: Cabinet - Politics - FOCUS TAIWAN - CNA ENGLISH NEWS". 9 August 2016.
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