Central Bontok language

Central Bontok (or Kali) is a language of the Bontoc group from the Philippines. The 2007 census claimed there were 19,600 speakers.[1]

Central Bontok
Central Bontoc
Bontoc, Bontoc Igorot, Kali
Native toPhilippines
RegionCordillera Administrative Region
Native speakers
20,000 (2007 census)[1]
Malayo-Polynesian
Language codes
ISO 639-3lbk
Glottologcent2292

Distribution

Ethnologue reports the following locations for Central Bontok:

Cordillera Administrative Region: Mountain Province: Bontoc municipality, Bontoc ili, Caluttit, Dalican, Guina-ang, Ma-init, Maligcong, Samoki, and Tocucan villages.

Dialects

Ethnologue reports 5 dialects for Central Bontok: Khinina-ang, Finontok, Sinamoki, Jinallik, Minaligkhong and Tinokukan.[1]

Similarities

Ethnologue reports that the language is similar to other Bontoc languages, These languages are: North Bontok, Southwest Bontok, South Bontok, and East Bontok.

Phonology

Consonants

The Guinaang dialect of Central Bontok has the following inventory of consonant phonemes:[2]

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive plain voiceless p t k ʔ
aspirated voiceless
voiced b d ɡ
Affricate ts
Fricative f s h
Nasal m n ŋ
Approximant l j w
Rhotic ɾ

Originally (as documented in the mid 20th century), the sounds pairs [b ~ f], [d ~ ts], [g ~ kʰ], [l ~ ɾ] were in complementary distribution and thus allophones of the phonemes /b/, /d/, /g/, and /l/, respectively (e.g. [ˈtsaɾa] for /ˈdala/ "blood"). With the introduction of loanwords from English, Ilokano and Tagalog, these contrasts have become phonemicized. The phoneme /h/ was also introduced in modern loanwords.

References

  1. Central Bontok at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) closed access
  2. Lawrence A. Reid; Kikusawa Ritsuko. "Orthography". Talking Dictionary of Khinina-ang Bontok. Osaka: National Museum of Ethnography. Retrieved 8 Jun 2022.

See also

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